我国残疾人基础教育服务供给的历史演进与展望

The Evolution of Elem entary Education Service Supply for the Disabled in China and Its Prospect

教育服务供给是国家最基本的一项公共服务。根据我国残疾人基础教育服务供给主体的演变,以及重大政策制度对供给数量及质量的关注,我国残疾人基础教育供给可划分为起始阶段、计划阶段、停滞与恢复阶段、快速发展阶段、逐渐完善阶段。按照国家供给意愿、提供能力、生产效力及连结机制的演进逻辑,我国残疾人基础教育服务供给在价值供给、内涵供给、供需平衡、监督与评估方面取得了诸多成就,也仍存在相关矛盾。为了继续实现以质量为导向的供需平衡,我国残疾人基础教育服务供给的未来发展需完善权责一体式基础教育制度设计,健全信息化基础教育服务供给机制,最终形成定制式基础教育服务供给模式。

Education service supply is one of the most basic public services offered by a country.In light of the change of suppliers and the concern given by major policies to the quantity and quality of the supply of elementary education services for the disabled(SEESD),the development of the SEESD in China can be divided into five phases:initiation,planning,stagnation and recovery,rapid development,and maturity.Achievements have been made in value supply,connotation supply,supply-demand balance,supervision and evaluation in terms of supply willingness,supply capacity,production efficiency,and linkage mechanism,though some issues still remain to be solved.To keep the quality-oriented balance of supply and demand,China needs to refine the integral elementary education system design to balance power and responsibility,improve the informationalized supply mechanism of elementary education services,thereby forming a customized supply model.