新冠肺炎疫情背景下儿童青少年积极发展的理论探析

A Theoretical Analysis of Children and Adolescents’Positive Development in the Context of COVID-19 Epidemic

新冠肺炎疫情的持续蔓延为儿童青少年的发展带来了风险。积极心理学强调人类自身的潜能、美德、积极情绪等对个体发展的意义,通过使用预防性心理保健帮助个体适应环境,儿童青少年获得积极发展后,能对个人、家庭、社区及人类社会做出积极的贡献,并大大降低出现问题行为和罹患精神疾病的风险,与儿童青少年在常态化疫情防控下的发展需求相契合。本文通过对儿童青少年积极发展这一概念的探讨,提出为应对疫情常态化,应注重复原力和社会参与意识及行为的培养,并从个体、家庭、学校和社区等多个维度构建社会支持系统,开展心理健康教育,加强重点人群心理监测与干预,以促进儿童青少年的积极发展。

The continued spread of COVID-19 epidemic has put children and adolescents’development at risk.Positive psychology emphasizes the significance of human potential,virtue and positive emotion.Through the use of preventive mental health care to help adapt to the environment,children and adolescents achieve positive development,thus making contributions to themselves,their families,communities and human society and reducing the risk of having behavior problems and mental disorders.This dovetails with their development in the context of COVID-19 epidemic,in which epidemic prevention and control becomes normal.This paper discusses the concept of children and adolescents’positive development,and proposes that in order to promote their positive development in regular epidemic prevention and control,we should focus on cultivating their resilience and social participation awareness and behavior,construct a social support system with multiple stakeholders including individuals,families,schools and communities,carry out mental health education,and strengthen psychological monitoring and intervention of groups at risk.