通过里耶秦简“义陵用度简”的复原看秦代官文书的生成、传递和存档

A Study on the Generation,Transmission and Archiving of Qin Administration Documents through the Restoration of “Yiling Yongdu Jian”of Liye Qin Bamboo Manuscript

里耶秦简“义陵用度简”是一份官文书,其传递过程是“A县库→A县廷→迁陵县廷→迁陵库”,可分为“库□告县廷书”“丞欧告迁陵主书”和“迁陵守丞殷告库书”三个传递阶段。其中,“丞欧告迁陵主书”和“迁陵守丞殷告库书”在县廷的处理流程可归纳为“原件签署+抄件批转+原件存档/抄件送出”,即:①在原件上签署收文记录;②抄写文书正文部分,制成抄件;③丞欧/守丞殷批转抄件;④将“批转”意见转抄到原件上;⑤原件存档,抄件送出。此种处理流程是秦汉时期官文书传递流转的重要方式之一,可用于分析“义陵用度简”同类文书的流转情况。

"Yiling Yongdu Jian"of Li ye Qin Bamboo Manuscripts is an administration document.We found that the proper process of the transm ission is,“A Xian Ku→A Xian Ting→Qianling Xian Ting→Qianling Ku”,which can be divided into 3 periods,which are“Ku Gao Xian Ting Shu”“Cheng Ou Gao Qianling Shu”“Qian Ling Shou Cheng Yin Gao Ku Shu”.The processing process in“Xianting”can be summarized as“original signature+copy approval+original filing/copy sending”,that is:①Signing the receiving record on the original;②Copying the main parts of the document to make a copy;③Cheng Ou/Shou Cheng Yin gave instructions on the copy;④Copied the“instructions”to the o rig in al;⑤The original was filed and the copy was sent out.This process is one of the important ways to transfer official Administration documents in Qin and Han Dynasties.So it can be used to analyze the transm ission of similar documents in“Yiling Yongdu Jian”.