尺侧副韧带重建术治疗过顶投掷运动员尺侧副韧带损伤的研究进展

Research progress concerning ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction for ulnar collateral ligament injury in overhead throwing athletes

肘关节尺侧副韧带(UCL)是肘部外翻的主要稳定结构,其损伤常见于过顶投掷运动员,主要由反复受到外翻力所致,可导致肘部疼痛和影响运动员职业生涯。治疗过顶投掷运动员尺侧副韧带损伤的常用治疗手段是尺侧副韧带重建术(UCLR)。现已有多种UCLR不断被改良,主要体现在移植物构造、切口暴露、尺神经处理以及移植物在肱骨和尺骨隧道固定方法上。本文主要目的是综述UCL的相关解剖、生物力学、各种UCLR注意事项、术后并发症及康复锻炼方法,以期进一步提高临床医生对UCLR治疗过顶投掷运动员UCL损伤的认识。

The ulnar collateral ligament(UCL)of the elbow is the primary stabilizer to resist valgus stress.Its injury is common in overhead throwing athletes,mainly caused by repeated valgus forces,and can cause elbow pain and affect the career of athletes.A common treatment of ulnar collateral ligament injury for overhead throwing athletes is ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction(UCLR).At present,the UCLR techniques have been constantly improved,mainly in graft structure,incision exposure,management of the ulnar nerve,and methods of humeral and ulnar fixation.This paper is to review the anatomy and biomechanics of UCL,as well as techniques,key points,postoperative complications and rehabilitation of UCLR so as to deepen the understanding of UCLR in clinicians.