冠状动脉扩张症的认识及进展

Coronary Artery Ectasia:A Current Literature Review

冠状动脉扩张症是一种罕见的心血管系统疾病,其扩张处的管腔直径超过临近正常节段的1.5倍,该病的发病率为0.2%~5.3%。动脉粥样硬化是其最常见的病因之一。关于该病自然史尚不明确,因此冠状动脉扩张症潜在发病机制仍在进一步研究中。该病诊断的金标准是冠状动脉造影,但在其治疗方案上的争议依然不断。现总结当前文献对于冠状动脉扩张症的认识,收集其流行病学、病因学、病理生理学、诊断以及治疗方法上的最新进展。

Coronary artery ectasia(CAE)is a uncommon cardiovascular disease that describes a localized dilatation of a coronary artery segment more than 1.5-fold compared with adjacent normal segments.The incidence of CAE varies from 0.2%to 5.3%.Atherosclerosis is the most common cause.The natural history of CAE remains unclear,so the underlying molecular mechanisms of CAE is still under further study.The gold standard of diagnosis is coronary angiography.However,controversies persist regarding the treatment of CAE.This review aims to summarize the present knowledge of CAE and collate the recent advances regarding the epidemiology,etiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis,and treatment of this disease.