模拟水库消落带水土流失试验研究

Experimental Study on Soil and Water Loss in Hydro-fluctuation Belt of Simulated Reservoir

大型水利工程的兴建,导致区域内形成水库型消落带,对生态环境产生了巨大影响。因此,对消落带的研究受到广泛重视。以浪高为自变量,以坡度为因变量,制作波浪冲刷土坡模型进行试验。结果表明,水库消落带坡度整体呈现由快到慢的变化趋势,且浪高越大、冲刷后坡度越大,坡度最终稳定在17°~28°;在一定条件下,水土流失量随着浪高的增大反而减小;水库消落带淤积填平期为21 d。

Because of the construction of large-scale water conservancy projects,the reservoir type hydro-fluctuation belt is formed,which has a great impact on the ecological environment.There fore,the study of the hydro-fluctuation belt has been widely valued.Taking the wave height as the independent variable and the slope as the dependent variable,the model of soil slope scoured by waves was made for experiment.The results showed that the overall slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt changed from fast to slow,and the higher the wave height was,the greater the slope was after scouring,and the slope was finally stable at 17°-28°;under certain conditions,the amount of soil erosion decreased with the increase of wave height;the sedimentation filling period of reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt was 21 days.