柴油加氢精制剂失活研究

Study on the deactivation of hydrorefining catalyst

收集了某炼厂加氢裂化单元卸出的加氢精制催化剂,采用X射线衍射、X射线荧光光谱、硫-碳分析、热重分析、N 2吸附-脱附、扫描电镜等手段对催化剂进行表征。分析结果表明,该加氢精制催化剂失活的主要原因是催化剂的外表面沉积了大量的Si、P、Fe、Ca、As元素,沉积物覆盖催化剂表面、堵塞催化剂孔道,导致催化剂比表面积及孔容大幅下降,经再生过程也无法恢复活性,属永久性失活。在操作中应尽可能的避免原油中的杂质沉积在主催化剂上,从而减轻原油中的杂质对催化剂性能的影响。

The hydrorefining catalyst of hydrocracking unit in a refinery was collected and characterized by X-ray diffraction,X-ray fluorescence spectrum,sulfur-carbon analysis,thermogravimetric analysis,N 2 adsorption-desorption and scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that a large amount of Si,P,Fe,Ca and As elements deposited on the outer surface of catalyst causing the deactivation of hydrorefining catalyst.Those sediments cover the active center and block the pore channel of catalyst,resulting in the specific surface area and pore volume of the catalyst decreased significantly.The catalyst activity cannot be recovered by regeneration process,which belongs to permanent inactivation.During operation,impurities in crude oil should be avoided to deposit on the main catalyst so as to reduce the influence of impurities in raw oil on the performance of catalyst.