喀斯特地区不同施肥模式对黑麦草生长的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Modes on Ryegrass Growth in Karst Area

【目的】探寻喀斯特地区黑麦草的最佳施肥模式,为其优化种植提供参考。【方法】通过盆栽试验,在施用等量氮水平下,研究不同施肥模式(不施肥、施无机肥、无机肥+有机肥、施有机肥和施2倍有机肥)对黑麦草生长的影响。【结果】施有机肥黑麦草种子发芽率在80%以上,显著高于不施肥、施无机肥和2倍有机肥处理但与无机肥+有机肥处理间差异不显著;栽培32 d和45 d后,黑麦草的株高有机肥处理和无机肥+有机肥处理均显著高于其他处理,施2倍有机肥处理显著低于其他处理;栽培45 d后各施肥处理的叶宽和表观叶面积显著增加,以施有机肥的效果最明显,栽培80 d后施有机肥和有机肥+无机肥黑麦草的叶宽和表观叶面积显著增加;施肥能够显著增加黑麦草的总分蘖数,以施无机肥的效果最明显;施有机肥与无机肥能够显著增加黑麦草的茎宽,以施用有机肥效果最明显,有机肥+无机肥与不施肥间无显著差异。【结论】适量施用有机肥和有机肥+无机肥能够明显促进黑麦草生长,过量施用则起抑制作用。

【Objective】The paper was to explore the optimum fertilization modes of ryegrass in karst area and to provide references for the cultivation of ryegrass.【Method】The effects of different fertilization modes(no fertilization,inorganic fertilizer,inorganic fertilizer+organic fertilizer,organic fertilizer and double organic fertilizer)on the growth of ryegrass were studied through a pot experiment under the application of equal nitrogen level.【Result】The germination rate of ryegrass seeds applying organic fertilizer was above 80%,which was significantly higher than those treated with no fertilization,inorganic fertilizer and double organic fertilizer,and the difference was not significant compared with that treated with inorganic fertilizer+organic fertilizer.After 32 d and 45 d of cultivation,the plant height of organic fertilizer treatment and inorganic fertilizer+organic fertilizer treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments,and the plant height of organic fertilizer treatment with double organic fertilizer was significantly lower than that of other treatments.After 45 days of cultivation,the leaf width and apparent leaf area of each fertilization treatment increased significantly,and the effect of organic fertilizer was the most obvious.After 80 days of cultivation,the leaf width and apparent leaf area of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer+inorganic fertilizer ryegrass increased significantly.Fertilization can significantly increase the total tiller number of ryegrass,and the effect of inorganic fertilizer is the most obvious.The application of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer could significantly increase the stem width of ryegrass,especially the effect of organic fertilizer was the most obvious,and there was no significant difference between organic fertilizer+inorganic fertilizer and no fertilization.【Conclusion】Appropriate application of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer+inorganic fertilizer could significantly promote the growth of ryegrass,while excessive application inhibited it.