油气管线钢土壤环境硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀研究进展

Research Progress on Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Induced Corrosion of Pipeline Steel in Soil Environment

结合国内外埋地管线钢微生物腐蚀的研究,综述了腐蚀性土壤微生物种类和特点、环境因素对硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀的影响、生物腐蚀研究方法和进展,以及微生物腐蚀防护与监检测技术。最后,对埋地管线钢微生物腐蚀研究进行了展望。埋地管线钢服役环境复杂,受到土壤类型、杂散电流、阴极保护、应力、剥离涂层和微生物等多种因素的影响,而各种因素之间又存在着相互的耦合作用。多因素耦合作用下埋地管线钢微生物腐蚀将成为土壤微生物腐蚀今后的主要研究方向。土壤微生物腐蚀研究涉及土壤学、材料学、腐蚀科学和微生物学等多学科,是一个多学科交叉的研究课题,而化学和电化学分析技术、微生物分析技术以及材料表征技术等的联用也将为土壤微生物腐蚀行为和机制的研究提供更多的研究方法,这也有助于更好地理解微生物/材料之间的相互作用机制。随着对微生物腐蚀研究的深入,人们对硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀机理的认识也更加全面,“生物阴极催化还原”理论从生物能量学和生物电化学角度解释了微生物腐蚀的过程和机理。抗菌涂层开发和耐微生物腐蚀管线钢研发为MIC防治提供了一个新的研究路径。

The types and characteristics of corrosion microorganisms in soil environment,the influence of main environmental factors on the development of sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB)corrosion,the progress of microbial influenced corrosion(MIC)research methods,corrosion mechanism and corrosion protection and monitoring were described based on the worldwide research results.And the prospect of MIC of pipeline steel in soils was put forward.The service environment of buried pipeline steel is complex,which is affected by many factors,such as soil type,stray current,cathodic protection,stress,disbondment and microorganisms,and each factor has coupling effect on each other.In the future,the MIC of buried pipeline steel will still concentrate on the coupling effects of multiple factors.MIC in soil environment is an interdisciplinary subject involving soil science,material science,corrosion science and microbiology.The combination of chemical and electrochemical analysis technology,biotechnology and material characterization technology provides more research methods for the study of MIC action and mechanism in soil environment,and helps us to better understand microbial/material interaction.With the intensive study on MIC,researchers have a more comprehensive understanding on the corrosion mechanism of SRB.The theory of biocatalytic cathodic sulfate reduction further explains why and how microorganisms corrode steel in terms of bioenergy and bioelectrochemistry.The development of antibacterial coating and anti-MIC pipeline steel provides a new research path for MIC prevention and control.