濒危植物滇桐的种实特征及种子萌发的差异分析

Analysis on Seed Characteristics and Germination Difference of Endangered Plant of Craigia yunnanensis

通过对分布在贵州独山天然居群滇桐3株母树种实特性进行调查、测量与分析。表明3株母树的种实特征存在明显差异,以1号母树种子长、种子长宽比、单果出籽率较高,2号母树果短径、种子宽、种子重较大,3号母树果长径、单果种子数、种子厚、千粒重较大;并以滇桐3株母树的种子为材料,分别选用黄心土、腐殖土、珍珠岩、河沙为基质,研究他们对滇桐种子萌发的影响,结果表明,以腐殖土、珍珠岩作为育苗基质播种的种子发芽率最高为92%,以河沙为基质的发芽率相对较低,最高达73%,提高滇桐种子的发芽指标,需要有营养丰富、通气、透水性强的播种基质。

The seed characteristics of three mother trees of natural Craigia yunnanensis population in Dushan,Guizhou Province were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that there were significant differences in seed characteristics among the three mother trees.The seed length,the ratio of seed length to width and the seed yield per fruit of No.1 mother tree were higher.The fruit short diameter,seed width and single seed weight of No.2 mother tree were larger.The fruit length-diameter,seed number per fruit,seed thickness and 1000 seed weight of No.3 mother tree were larger.Taking the seeds of the three mother trees of Craigia yunnanensis as materials,the effects of yellow soil,humus soil,perlite and river sand on the seed germination of Craigia yunnanensis were studied.The results showed that the highest germination rate was 92%when the humus soil and perlite were used as seedling substrates,and the lowest was 73%when the river sand was used as substrate.To improve the germination index of Craigia yunnanensis seeds,a seeding matrix with rich nutrition,ventilation and strong water permeability was needed.