“人的全面发展”的逻辑起点——思维的二重结构及其统一

The Logical Origin of"All-round Development of Human Beings"-The Dual Structure and Unification of Thinking

人的全面发展作为人的追求,其中有许多需要阐明的内容:“全面”包含着人对自身的理解,即主体自我。一旦人对自身理解发生变化,他对何为“全面的人”的理解就会随之变化。人的自我理解影响着人对世界的理解,同时人又是通过对世界的理解来实现对自身理解的,因此,“全面”是在自我与世界的对立统一关系中的一个动态的认识历程。“发展”又如何可能?依靠什么作为动力、又是怎样地展开逻辑?能够提供发展动力的是矛盾,在辩证逻辑中才有发展。人的全面发展的现实条件和可能路径,只有在思维方式的二重结构模式下,才能获得清晰的理解。在民族国家与全球资本、身体与精神等现实二重结构背后有着特殊性和普遍性的对立统一作为逻辑结构,这种对立形成的张力是对个体性的丰富,同时也最终在个体性层面获得统一.这是追求人的全面发展的真正起点.

"All-round development",which is dreamed by all human beings,has many profiles need to be clarified.The meaning of all-round development includes both self-consciousness and self-understanding of human beings.When someone changes the sense of self-understanding,he would also alter his understanding of what is the "all-round development".People’ s self-understanding affects their understanding of the world.Meanwhile,they could get self-consciousness through the understanding of the world."All-round development" is dynamically changing due to the dialectical relationship between individual and the world.How to make the "development" be possible?What is the motivation?How to get started?Contradictions could provide impetus for "development",which should be developed with the logic and dialectical thinking.The realistic conditions and possible paths of "all-round human development" only can be clearly understood under the mode of dual structure thinking.Behind some realistic dual structures,like nations and global capitalism,and the body and spirit,there is a unity of opposites between the universality and particularity.This tension could not only rich individual characteristics,but also be finally unified at an individual level.And this is the true starting point of "all-round development of human beings".