优质番茄种质资源品质分析及综合评价

Quality Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of High Quality Tomato Germplasm Resources

为了创制优质抗病樱桃番茄资源,为后续新品种培育提供亲本材料,采用因子分析法通过对番茄品质影响较大的变量可溶性固形物(Total Soluble Solid,TSS)、总酸、固酸比、L^(*)值、a^(*)值、b^(*)值、番茄红素、果肉厚、硬度等进行分析,对7个优质樱桃番茄资源/品种和2个中型果品种新粉太郎6号和光辉101号进行评价,并对其中的7个优质樱桃番茄资源/品种描述了其田间性状表现和检测了抗病基因。从品质及田间表现上看,除樱桃29号F_(2)-1-1,河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所园艺工作室选育的6个樱桃番茄资源均优于生产上的优质代表樱桃品种玉女和中果型品种新粉太郎6号、光辉101,其中樱桃25号F_(2)-1-1、樱桃55号483-11-8和樱桃55号483-16-15较优,它们具有共同的优点:TSS高(分别为8.04%,8.13%,7.59%),甜酸适口(固酸比分别为11.9,12.0,12.8),果皮亮度高(L^(*)值分别为43.70,40.29,34.48),无限生长类型,中早熟,不易裂果;从抗病性上看,樱桃25号F_(2)-1-1为同时含有番茄黄化曲叶病毒病抗性基因Ty-3(仅含有641 bp的条带)和根结线虫抗性基因Mi-1.2的纯合材料(仅含有550 bp的条带),而樱桃55号483-11-8和樱桃55号483-16-15为同时含有番茄黄化曲叶病毒病抗性基因Ty-1(仅含有984 bp的条带)及根结线虫抗性基因Mi-1.2(仅含有550 bp的条带)的纯合材料,说明这3种材料可用于抗病性资源的筛选。因此,综合评价认为樱桃25号F_(2)-1-1、樱桃55号483-11-8和樱桃55号483-16-15最优,可作为选育优质抗病品种的重要亲本材料。

In order to create high quality and disease-resistant cherry tomato resources and provide parent materials for the subsequent breeding of new varieties,factor analysis was used to analyze the variables influencing tomato quality,such as total soluble solid(TSS),total acid,TSS-acid ratio,L^(*)value,a^(*)value,b^(*)value,lycopene,pulp thickness,hardness,etc.,to evaluate 2 kinds of medium fruit species and 7 kinds of cherry tomato species.And field traits of 7 kinds of cherry tomato species were discribed,disease resistant genes were detected as well.In terms of quality and agronomic traits,except for cherry No.29 F_(2)-1-1,the cherry tomato resources bred by the laboratory were superior to the middle-fruit varieties and the high quality cultivar Yunü.Among them,Cherry No.25 F_(2)-1-1,Cherry No.55483-11-8,and Cherry No.55483-16-15 Yunüranked better with common advantages of high TSS(with the value of 8.04%,8.13%and 7.59%,respectively),an excellent balance of sour and sweetness(with the TSS-acid ratio of 11.9,12.0 and 12.8,respectively),bright skin(with the L^(*)value of 43.70,40.29 and 34.48,respectively),indeterminate growth type,early-medium maturity and being not easy to crack.In terms of disease resistance,Cherry No.25 F_(2)-1-1 both contained Tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease resistant genes Ty-3(only having the genetic band of 641 bp)and root-knot nematode resistant gene Mi-1.2(only having the genetic band of 550 bp),while Cherry No.55483-11-8 and Cherry No.55483-16-15 simultaneously contained Tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease resistant genes Ty-1(only having the genetic band of 984 bp)and root-knot nematode resistant gene Mi-1.2(only having the genetic band of 550 bp).So the three resources could be used as important parent materials of breeding high quality and disease resistance varieties as they were comprehensively evaluated as the best ones among all being investigated.