青海柴达木盆地藜麦品质表现及营养成分聚类分析

Quinoa Quality Performance and Nutrient Content Clustering Analysis in Qaidam Basin,Qinghai

为了解柴达木盆地藜麦品质现状,应用多元统计学分析方法,对都兰地区种植的12份藜麦品种(系)的水分、灰分、淀粉、脂肪、粗纤维、总糖、蛋白质、β-葡聚糖、微量元素和氨基酸含量进行了检测和系统分析。结果表明:受遗传和环境的共同影响,同一品种(系)各微量元素之间存在显著的相关关系;藜麦品种(系)间微量元素含量差异较大,水分、脂肪、蛋白质、氨基酸含量差异较小。主成分分析结果显示,建立模型时要正向选择淀粉、脂肪和总糖含量,负向选择水分、蛋白质含量。综合评分后发现适宜柴达木盆地(都兰地区)种植的藜麦品种(系)有7个,其适宜度依次为:rell>天马HX>QLM01>614915HX>1591>青藜1号>西宁藜麦;贡杂3号、4号、5号、6号和三江2号等品种(系)不适宜都兰地区种植。聚类分析结果显示,可将12个藜麦品种(系)聚成3类,第一大类不适合都兰地区种植,包括贡杂3号、4号、5号和6号;第二大类营养品质居中,包括天马HX、QLM01、614915HX、1591、青藜1号、西宁藜麦、三江2号,可根据实际情况有选择地在都兰种植;第三类只有rell一个品系,在都兰地区品质表现最好。综合微量元素、氨基酸含量等分析结果,QML01与1591两品系综合性状最优。

In order to understand the current status of quinoa quality in the Qaidam Basin.The contents of moisture,ash,starch,fat,crude fiber,total sugar,protein,β-glucan,trace elements and amino acids of 12 quinoa varieties(lines)planted in Dulan area were tested and systematically analyzed by means of multivariate statistical analysis method.The results showed that under the common influence of genetics and environment,there was a significant correlation between trace elements in the same variety(line);and the content of trace elements in quinoa varieties(line)varied greatly.The differences in moisture,fat,protein and amino acid contents were small.The results of principal component analysis showed that when building the model,the content of starch,fat and total sugar should be positively selected,and moisture and protein should be negatively selected.After comprehensive scoring,7 quinoa varieties(line)suitable for planting in the Qaidam Basin(Dulan area)were found.The suitability was:rell>Tianma HX>QLM01>614915HX>1591>Qingli No.1>Xining Quinoa;Gongza No.3,Gongza No.4,Gongza No.5,Gongza No.6 and Sanjiang No.2 were not suitable for cultivation in Dulan area.Cluster analysis results showed that 12 quinoa varieties(line)could be clustered into 3 categories,the first category was not suitable for planting in Dulan area,including Gongza No.3,Gongza No.4,Gongza No.5,Gongza No.6;The second category of nutritional quality was in the middle,including Tianma HX,QLM01,614915HX,1591,Qingli No.1,Xining Quinoa,Sanjiang No.2,and could be selectively planted in Dulan according to the actual situation;The third category had only rell strain,which was the most suitable for planted in the Dulan area.Comprehensive analysis of trace elements and amino acid content showed that QML01 and 1591 strains were the best comprehensive characters.