硒肥对覆膜花生生育及产量性状的影响

Effects of Selenium Fertilizer on Growth and Yield Characteristics of Peanut with Plastic Film

研究不同生育时期叶面喷施硒肥试验对不同花生品种生育及产量性状的影响,为富硒花生高产高效栽培技术提供参考。在田间覆膜条件下,采用二因素裂区试验设计,在不同施用时期对3个花生品种喷施液体硒肥。喷施液体硒肥对3个花生品种的生育性状影响都不大。在产量性状方面,硒肥施用时期和品种的互作效应不显著;不同施用时期下,开花期和饱果期2个时期平均施入效果最好,其花生植株的单株生产力和饱果率显著或极显著高于对照;不同品种方面,花育16号在百仁质量、百果质量、饱果率、单株果数和单株生产力这5个性状上都显著或极显著高于鲁花4号,而且花育16号的百果质量还显著高于黑玉珍,不同花生品种产量性状优劣顺序为花育16号>黑玉珍>鲁花4号。建议在实际工作中,可以根据不同的花生品种采取相适应的配套硒肥施用技术,以达到最佳的节本增效目标。

The influences of selenium fertilizer application by foliar spraying method in different growth stages on growth and yield characteristics for peanut of different varieties were studied to provide some reference for high yield and high efficiency cultivation techniques of peanut enriched with selenium.The experiment of spraying liquid selenium fertilizer in different growth stages on the 3 peanut varieties with plastic film under field conditions was carried out,using two-factor split plot design.Spraying liquid selenium fertilizer had little effect on all the growth characteristics of the 3 peanut varieties.For yield characteristics,the interaction between selenium fertilizer applying time and variety was not significant;Under different applying time,both the productivity and the plump pod rate per plant of average application in flowering and full fruit stages were significantly or very significant higher than CK;For different varieties,the 100-kernel weight,the 100-pod weight,the plump pod rate,the number per plant and the productivity per plant of Huayu 16 were all significantly or very significantly higher than those of Luhua 4,what′s more,the 100-pod weight of Huayu 16 was also significantly higher than that of Heiyuzhen,and the peanut yield characteristics of different varieties could be increased as the following sequence:Huayu 16>Heiyuzhen>Luhua 4.It is suggested that suitable matching application technologies of selenium fertilizer should be adopted according to different peanut varieties in order to have the best effect on decreasing cost and increasing benefit in practice.