适用于云南粳稻种植区的稻瘟病抗性基因分析

Analysis of Rice Blast Resistance Genes Suitable for Japonica Rice Planting Areas in Yunnan

为筛选广适用于云南粳稻区的稻瘟病抗性基因,在云南宜良、建水、祥云、永平这4种生态条件下对22个抗稻瘟病单基因系抗病性进行了自然诱发鉴定;将在宜良筛选出来的来自中国8省区的89份抗叶瘟粳稻品种(系)进行了6个稻瘟病菌株的接种鉴定,并用Pib、Pikh、Pi9、Pi5基因功能性分子标记进行了基因分析。结果表明,单基因系Pib、Pikh、Piz、Pi9连续2年在4个试验点对叶瘟和穗颈瘟均表现抗病,Pi5前期感叶瘟,但均中抗穗颈瘟;Pia、Pi1、Pil9、Pi3、Pi12、Pii、Pikm、Pik、Piks、Pish、Pit、Pita和Pita213个单基因系在4个试验点均感叶瘟和穗颈瘟,Pi7、Pizt、Pikp、Piz5仅在永平和祥云点中的1~2个点表现抗病。接种鉴定表明89份资源中79份抗6个菌株(占88.76%),8份抗5个菌株,2份抗4个菌株,从而确认这些材料对叶稻瘟病具有一定的抗性。89份资源基因分析表明携带Pib、Pikh、Pi9、Pi5的材料分别占62.92%、56.18%、21.35%、26.97%,但云南省内外存在差异,在云南省选育品种中分别为67.50%、57.50%、22.50%、37.50%,在云南省外品种中分别为62.16%、48.65%、27.03%、10.81%;78个材料携带Pib、Pikh、Pi9这3个基因中的1~3个,这可能是这些材料表现抗叶稻瘟的重要原因。本研究结果表明Pib、Pikh、Piz、Pi9、Pi5这5个基因在云南籼粳稻交错区-温暖粳稻亚区具有广泛的利用价值。

In order to screen the rice blast resistance genes widely suitable for japonica rice planting areas in Yunnan,the natural resistance induction of 22 monogenetic rice lines was carried out in four ecological conditions of Yiliang,Jianshui,Xiangyun,and Yongping.Inoculation of 89%japonica rice varieties(lines)with the leaf blastresistantce screened from Yiliang were performed with six rice blast strains,and their genes Pib,Pikh,Pi9 and Pi5 were analyzed using their functional molecular markers.The results showed that:At all test points,the Pib,Pikh,Piz and Pi9 monogenetic rice lines were resistant to leaf blast and panicle neck blast,and the Pi5 monogenetic rice line was susceptible to leaf blast at the early stage,but resistant to panicle neck blast,and 13 monogenetic rice lines,including the lines Pia,Pi1,Pil9,Pi3,Pi12,Pii,Pikm,Pik,Piks,Pish,Pit,Pita and Pita2 showed susceptibility to leaf blast and panicle neck blast.The monogenetic rice lines Pi7,Pizt,Pikp and Piz5 showed resistance to blast only at 1~2 test points of Yongping and Xiangyun.The results of inoculation identification for 89 japonica rice varieties(lines)showed that 79 varieties(lines)accounted for 88.76%were resistant to 6 strains,8 resistant to 5 strains,and 2 resistant to 4 strains.It was further confirmed that these varieties were resistant to leaf blast.The results of the gene analysis on japonica rice varieties(lines)showed that the varieties carrying Pib,Pikh,Pi9 and Pi5 were accounted for 62.92%,56.18%,21.35%and 26.97%,respectively.In the improved varieties,the frequencies of the genes Pib,Pikh,Pi9 and Pi5 were 67.50%,57.50%,22.50%and 37.50%in Yunnan Province,and 62.16%,48.65%,27.03%and 10.81%in the other provinces.79 of 89 varieties carried 1~3 of the three genes,Pib,Pikh,and Pi9,which proven disease resistance in the monogenetic rice lines tests,and this could be an important reason why these varieties showed resistance to rice blast.The results of this study indicated that the five genes,Pib,Pikh,Piz,Pi9,and Pi5,could be widely useful in indica-japonica rice region or warm%japonica rice subregion in Yunnan.