不同色相‘富士’苹果解袋后着色相关因子变化

The Variation of Color-associated Factors of'Fuji'Apple with Different Color Patterns after Bag Removal

为了解‘富士’苹果解袋后着色相关主要生理指标变化,测定‘富士’苹果解袋后12 d内主要着色生理和表型指标,实验数据使用Excel 2016、SPSS 19等软件进行处理与分析。结果显示,生理及外观指标综合聚类可将‘富士’苹果解袋后关键着色期分为2个阶段:着色变化剧烈期(前6 d,S1)和着色变化平缓期(后6 d,S2)。‘富士’苹果解袋至完全上色12 d内花青苷迅速积累,叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量逐渐下降,第6天后色素含量趋于稳定;果皮红色程度加深,颜色种类变少,色彩逐渐鲜明,色彩饱和度升高,于第6天后(S2时期)变化趋势减缓。对条红和片红2种色相‘富士’苹果研究结果显示,前者主要色素、色泽以及着色指标均优于后者。由此得出,‘富士’苹果解袋后至完全着色期可以分为着色变化剧烈期和着色变化平缓期两个时期,花青苷、叶绿素及类胡萝卜素是影响富士苹果着色的重要色素指标,条纹‘富士’整体着色水平优于片红‘富士’。

In order to understand the changes of the main physiological indexes related to the coloring of"Fuji"apple bags,the main physiological and phenotypic indexes of'Fuji'apple were determined within 12 days after the bag was unpacked.The experimental data were processed and analyzed by Excel 2016 and SPSS 19.The results showed that the comprehensive clustering of physiological and visual indicators could divide the critical coloring period of'Fuji'apple into two stages:the intense staining period(the first six days,S1)and the gradual staining period(the second six days,S2).The anthocyanin accumulated rapidly within 12 days from'Fuji'apple unpacking bag to complete coloring,the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid gradually decreased,and the pigment content tended to be stable after 6 days.The red color of the peel deepened,the color variety became less,the color became increasingly bright,the color saturation increased,and the change trend slowed down after the 6th day(S2 period).The results of the study on'Fuji'apple with striped'Fuji'and blushed'Fuji'show that the former is superior to the latter in main pigment,color and color index.It was concluded that the period from the unpacking to the complete coloring of'Fuji'apple could be divided into two periods:intense coloring period and gentle coloring period.Anthocyanin,chlorophyll and carotenoid were important pigment indexed that affect the coloring of'Fuji'apple,and the overall coloring level of stripe'Fuji'was better than that of blushed'Fuji'.