双重吸纳与空间扩展:社会组织的一个生存模型--基于S市M区的多案例比较研究

Dual Absorption and Spatial Expansion: A Survival Model of Social Organization--Comparative Study of Multiple Cases Based on M District of S City

社会组织治理领域日渐规范化、制度化的发展表征国家权力积极在场。依据党和政府的认知形塑社会组织的生存环境与行动取向,借助于"双重吸纳与空间扩展"的分析框架对S市M区两个社会组织从生存到发展的案例对比发现:首先,在党"进入式组织吸纳"的政治逻辑下,社会组织需将政治上合法的理性要素融入正式结构之中,在遵从符号化规制的基础上,主动构建与上级党组织共同对话的空间,实现"政治合法性";其次,在政府"退出式服务吸纳"的行政逻辑下,社会组织需将行政上合法的理性要素整合至正式结构之中,在遵从制度化规制的基础上,善于运用政治话语修辞术来影响不同层次、不同类型的政府部门,实现"行政合法性";最后,要想与党组织、政府之间的合作关系长久稳固下来,社会组织应遵从社会化要求,借助于组织与个人层面的主观努力,拓展组织专业化和协作能力,进而获取社会环境的认可,实现政治、行政和社会合法性的统一,完成从边缘化、合法化到嵌入式生成的动态演变。

The increasingly standardized development of the field of social organizational represents the active presence of state power.According to the cognition of the party and the government,the living environment and action orientation of social organizations will be shaped.With the help of the analytical framework of"Double Absorption and Spatial Expansion",this paper investigates the two social organizations in M district of S city from survival to development.First,under the political logic of the party’s"entry-in organization absorption",social organizations need to integrate the elements of political legitimacy into the formal structure,on the basis of complying with the regulations of conformity,and take the initiative to construct a space for common dialogue with higher party organizations to realize"political legitimacy".secondly,under the administrative logic of government"withdrawal service absorption",social organizations should integrate the elements of administrative legitimacy into the formal structure,and be good at using political discourse rhetoric to influence different levels and different types of government departments to realize"administrative legitimacy"on the basis of complying with institutionalized regulation.Lastly,in order to stabilize the cooperative relationship with party organizations and governments for a long time,social organizations should abide by the requirements of socialization,expand their own resources with the help of subjective efforts at the organizational and individual levels,and then obtain the recognition of the social environment,finally realize the unity of political,administrative and social legitimacy,and complete the dynamic evolution from"marginalization,legalization to embedded".