食品中重金属的人体健康风险评估方法研究进展

Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in food:a review

食品安全是一个关乎全球可持续发展的重要问题.近几十年来,环境中的重金属对食品质量的不良影响已经威胁到人类,运用模型评估食品中的重金属对人体健康的危害程度是必然趋势.目前研究人员常用的方法主要是评价公式、体外消化系统模拟实验、动物模型实验和肠道细胞模型实验,本文总结了4种常用方法的优势和局限性并进行了讨论.在未来,体外和体内方法相辅相成能更准确地评估食品中的重金属对人体健康的危害.

Food safety is an important issue related to global sustainable development.In recent decades,the adverse effects of heavy metals from the environment on food quality have threatened human beings.It is an inevitable trend to use models to evaluate the harmfulness of food-derived heavy metals to human health.The commonly used assessment methods are summarized in this review,which include evaluation formulas,in vitro digestive system simulation test,animal model and intestinal cell model.The advantages and disadvantages of the 4 methods were summarized and discussed.The review proposes that the combination of in vitro and in vivo methods can more accurately evaluate the harmfulness of heavy metals in food upon human health.