足月低出生体质量儿的发生与孕晚期血脂水平的相关性分析

Analysis of the correlation between the occurrence of low birth weight full-term infants and the level of blood lipids in the third trimester of pregnancy

目的探讨孕晚期产妇血脂水平与足月低出生体质量儿发生之间的关系。方法收集2018年1月至2020年2月于中国医科大学附属盛京医院住院分娩的足月低出生体质量儿303例,并收集同一时期于我院分娩的303例足月正常出生体质量儿(出生体质量为2500~3999 g)的临床资料进行回顾性研究。分析产妇的一般情况,包括年龄、孕龄、孕次、产次、孕期体质量增长以及孕前体质量指数以及终止妊娠前1周内产妇的血脂指标,包括甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白B。结果足月正常出生体质量组孕妇分娩年龄为(31.60±3.90)岁、孕期体质量增长为(16.29±5.31)kg、甘油三酯水平为(3.21±1.33)mmol/L;足月低出生体质量组孕妇分娩年龄为(30.30±4.65)岁、孕期体质量增长为(14.45±8.08)kg、甘油三酯水平为(2.88±1.37)mmol/L,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。在足月低出生体质量组中,出生体质量与孕妇年龄呈负相关(r=-0.24,P=0.01),与分娩孕龄呈正相关(r=0.24,P=0.02),与孕期体质量增长呈负相关(r=-0.26,P<0.01),与甘油三酯呈正相关(r=0.15,P=0.01),与总胆固醇呈正相关(r=0.20,P<0.01)。结论足月低出生体质量儿的发生与孕妇血脂水平、年龄、分娩孕龄及孕期体质量增长情况密切相关。

Objective To investigate the relationship between blood lipid level and low birth weight infants in late pregnancy.Methods Data of 303 low birth weight newborns delivered in ShengJing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University were collected from January 2018 to February 2020,and 303 cases of full-term normal birth weight infants delivered in our hospital during the same period(birth weight 2500~3999 g)for retrospective study.The general situation of puerpera was analyzed,including age,gestational age,times of pregnancy,times of labor,weight growth during pregnancy,pre pregnancy body mass index,and blood lipid indexes of puerpera within one week before termination of pregnancy,including triglyceride,total cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,apolipoprotein A,apolipoprotein B.Results The normal birth weight group was(31.60±3.90)years old,the weight gain during pregnancy was(16.29±5.31)kg,and the triglyceride levels was(3.21±1.33)mmol/L.The low birth weight group was(30.30±4.65)years old,the weight gain during pregnancy was(14.45±8.08)kg,and the triglyceride level was(2.88±1.37)mmol/L,and there were differences between groups(P<0.01).In the low term birth weight group,birth weight was negatively correlated with maternal age(r=-0.24,P=0.01),positively correlated with gestational age(r=0.24,P=0.02),and negatively correlated with pregnancy weight gain(r=-0.26,P<0.01),and was positively correlated with triglyceride(r=0.15,P=0.01)and total cholesterol(r=0.20,P<0.01).Conclusion The incidence of full-term low birth weight infants is closely related to the blood lipid level,age,gestational age at delivery and the growth of body weight during pregnancy.