超声评估甲状腺癌颈部转移淋巴结研究进展

Ultrasound Evaluation of Cervical Metastasis Lymph Nodes in Thyroid Cancer

甲状腺癌是临床上较为常见的一类头颈部肿瘤,病理类型多样,如乳头状癌、滤泡状癌、髓质癌或间变性甲状腺癌。好发年龄在25~65岁,女性多于男性。甲状腺癌远处转移不常见,但颈部区域淋巴结转移较为多见,也是影响患者预后的重要因素。因此,术前有效评估颈部淋巴结转移情况对手术方案的制定及预后评价至关重要。超声对甲状腺癌颈部淋巴结评价具有无创、反复多次检查、敏感性和特异性较高的优点。对近年来超声评价甲状腺癌颈部淋巴结转移的相关研究进行复习并总结,以期为临床甲状腺癌颈部淋巴结评价提供一定的参考。

Thyroid carcinoma is a kind of head and neck tumor which is common in clinic.There are many pathological types such as papillary carcinoma,follicular carcinoma,medullary carcinoma or anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.The age of predilection is between 25 and 65,and there are more women than men.Distant metastasis of thyroid cancer is not common,but cervical lymph node metastasis is more common,which is also an important factor affecting the prognosis of patients.Therefore,it is very important to evaluate the cervical lymph node metastasis before operation.Ultrasound has the advantages of noninvasive,repeated examination,high sensitivity and specificity in the evaluation of cervical lymph nodes of thyroid cancer.In this paper,we reviewed and summarized the related research on ultrasound evaluation of cervical lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer in recent years,in order to provide some reference for clinical evaluation of cervical lymph nodes of thyroid cancer.