摘要
资源性缺水已经成为制约地区经济发展的重要因素,随着农业水价综合改革不断深化,分析农户承受力水价是水价改革的重要环节。依据国家和地方有关水价改革的目标,以新疆建设兵团第八师石河子灌区为例,运用意愿调研法和水价-水量模型,以完全成本水价为基础,分析该灌区农民灌溉水价承受力及实施完全成本水价和承受力水价后的节水效益。结果表明:灌区完全成本水价和农民承受力水价分别为0.3918元/m^(3)和0.439元/m^(3),与现行水价0.25元/m^(3)相比,灌区水价存在很大的提升空间;在完全成本水价下,亩均灌水量可比田间实际灌水量节约1078.35 m^(3)/hm^(2),约为15%,节水潜力很大;其他条件不变时,完全成本水价下的亩均用水量与定额管控下的灌水量趋于一致。灌区应结合农业水权水价改革实际状况,不断深化完善农业水价水权,以期为水权市场建设提供有力的保障。
Water resources shortage has become an important factor restricting regional economic development.With the deepening of comprehensive agricultural water price reform,the analysis of farmers′affordability of water price is an important part of water price reform.Based on the national and local goals of water price reform,this paper took Shihezi irrigation area of the 8th Division of the Xinjiang Construction Corps as an example to analyzes the water consumption capacity of farmers in the irrigation area and the water-saving benefits after the implementation of irrigation water price on the basis of the water price calculated at full cost by using the intention investigation method and the water price-water quantity model.According to the calculation and analysis,the total cost water price and the farmers′bearing water price is 0.391 yuan/m^(3) and 0.439 yuan/m^(3),respectively.Compared with the current water price of 0.25 yuan/m^(3),the water price of the irrigation area has a great room for improvement.Under the full cost water price,the average irrigation amount can be saved 1078.35 m3/hm^(2),about 15%,compared with the actual irrigation amount in the field,which shows great water-saving potential.When other conditions are unchanged,the average water consumption under full cost water price tends to be consistent with the irrigation amount under quota control.So irrigation areas should combine with the actual situation of water price reform of agricultural water rights and continuously deepen and improve the agricultural water price and water rights so as to provide a strong guarantee for the construction of water rights market.
作者
贺天明
王春霞
何新林
李鹏飞
张佳
汪宗兰
HE Tian-ming;WANG Chun-xia;HE Xin-lin;LI Peng-fei;ZHANG Jia;WANG Zhong-lan(College of Hydraulic Engineering,Shihezi University,Key Laboratory of Modern Water-saving Irrigation Corps,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China;The Eight Division Water Bureau,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2021年第3期89-93,共5页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“西北内陆区保水节水技术集成与应用”(2017YFC0404304)
兵团重点领域科技攻关项目“基于农业水价改革的田同节水增效关键技术研究与应用”(2018AB027)。
关键词
农业水价改革
水价承受力
水价-水量模型
完全成本水价
承受力水价
节水潜力
石河子灌区
agricultural water price reform
water price tolerance
water price-water quantity model
full cost water price
bearing water price
water saving potential
Shihezi irrigation area