西田几多郎与老庄哲学

Nishida Kitaro and Taoist Thought

西田几多郎哲学既自觉利用了西方哲学的成果,又具有鲜明的东方性格。他终生深研和钟情于老庄,并将其思想吸收到自己的哲学思想中。这主要体现在以下三个方面:一是其哲学的核心概念“纯粹经验”“实在”等吸取了老庄“道”的思想;二是他用高度熟练的技艺来解释其重要概念“知的直观”的思路来自庄子“道进乎技”的思想;三是其道德哲学的最高概念“善”与庄子“安其性命之情”的思想相一致。老庄思想与日本近代知识人和哲学家结缘,显示出古老的道家思想仍具有很大生命力。

Nishida Kitaro’s philosophy not only consciously uses the achievements of Western philosophy,but also has a distinct Oriental character.He deeply studied and fell in love with Laozi and Zhuangzi all his life,absorbing their thoughts into his own philosophy.This is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:First,the core concepts of his philosophy,such as“pure experience”and“reality”,are from the thoughts of Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi’s“Tao”;Second,his thought of explaining his important concept“intuition of knowledge”with highly skilled techniques comes from Zhuangzi’s thought that“Tao advances into skill”;Third,the highest concept of“goodness”in his moral philosophy is consistent with Zhuangzi’s thought of“pacifying the nature”.Laozi and Zhuangzi’s thought is connected with modern Japanese intellectuals and philosophers,which shows that the ancient Taoist thought still has vitality.