黑社会性质组织成员实施其他犯罪行为的罪数认定——基于《刑法》第294条第4款的分析

Determination of the Number of Crimes Committed by a Member of a Triad Organization in other Criminal Acts——based on article 294, paragraph 4, of Criminal law

刑法学界就《刑法》第294条第4款的数罪并罚规定是否违反禁止重复评价原则,存在"肯定说""否定说"和"例外说"之争。经分析不难发现,"肯定说"还有待进一步论证,"例外说"的区分标准也存在疑问。相较之下,"否定说"更为合理。"否定说"的合理性论证可以从三个方面展开:准确界定禁止重复评价原则;合理区分组织、领导、参加黑社会性质组织行为和组织、领导黑社会性质成员实施的其他犯罪行为;彻底贯彻罪责刑相适应原则。

The criminal law scholars have disputes about whether the multiple crimes in paragraph 4 of Article 294 of the Criminal Law violate the principle of prohibition of repeated evaluation.After analysis,it is found that the"affirmative theory"still needs to be further demonstrated,and the distinction standard of the"exceptional theory"is also questionable.In contrast,the"negative theory"is more reasonable.The rationality of the"negative theory"can be demonstrated from three aspects:accurately define the principle of prohibition of repeated evaluation;reasonably distinguish between organization,leadership,and participation in underworld organizations and other criminal acts committed by organizations and leaders of underworld members;thoroughly implement the principle of adapting crime,responsibility and punishment.