季铵盐阴离子交换膜研究进展

Recent Development in Quaternary Ammonium Groups-Based Anion Exchange Membrane

近年来,阴离子交换膜燃料电池的发展受到了广泛关注。开发具有碱稳定性能优异,电导率高的阴离子交换膜(AEMs)材料成为了研究的热点。AEMs主要由聚合物骨架和阳离子基团组成,这两者是影响膜碱稳定性和电导率的重要因素。本文综述了季铵盐类阴离子交换膜聚合物骨架结构中含有醚氧键和不含醚氧键的烷基季铵盐AEMs、N-螺环季铵盐AEMs和环季铵盐AEMs的碱稳定性、电导率等性能;总结了不同骨架结构季铵盐AEMs碱稳定性的差异;分析了季铵盐的降解机理。同时对于含有季铵盐阳离子交换基团的AEMs的结构设计进行了分析和展望。

Anion exchange membrane fuel cells(AEMFCs)have attracted worldwide attention.To achieve high performance in AEMFCs,anion exchange membranes(AEMs)should own high ion conductivity and good alkaline stability.AEMs contain cationic groups and polymer backbone,which play very important role in determining the overall stability and ionic conductivity for the AEMs.In this paper,the alkaline stability and ion conductivity of quaternary ammonium(QA)AEMs with alkylic QA AEMs,N-spirocyclic QA AEMs,cyclic QA AEMs,including both aryl ether-free and aryl ether-containing structure are introduced in detail,the alkaline stability of quaternary ammonium salts with different frameworks are summarized,the degradation mechanisms for QA are analyzed,and the development trend of the QA cationic groups are discussed.