枸杞褐斑病菌Stigmella lycii生物学特性研究

Biological characteristics of Lycium barbarum leaf spot pathogen(Stigmella lycii)

枸杞小黑梨孢褐斑病自2010年在甘肃省枸杞种植区发现以来已扩展至甘肃省各枸杞种植区,关于其病原枸杞小黑梨孢Stigmella lycii的生物学特性研究国内外尚属空白。本研究通过植物病理学常规方法测定了该菌的生物学特性,结果表明,该菌菌丝生长的温度范围为10~35℃,最适25℃;产孢的温度范围为20~25℃,最适25℃;子囊孢子和分生孢子萌发的温度范围及最适温度分别为5~30℃(最适20℃)和0~35℃(最适25℃)。连续光照有利于菌落生长、产孢和分生孢子萌发,光暗交替有利于子囊孢子萌发;pH 4.0~10.0范围内菌丝均可生长,最适为pH 6.5,产孢的pH范围为6.0~7.0,最适6.5,pH 4.5~9.2条件下孢子均可萌发,最适pH为7.0;子囊孢子和分生孢子分别在相对湿度95%和75%以上可萌发,水中萌发最好;枸杞叶片浸渍液、葡萄糖液等营养条件对孢子萌发有一定促进作用。本研究结果为枸杞小黑梨孢褐斑病后续研究提供一定的理论依据,同时为制定枸杞褐斑病的综合防控措施提供了一定的技术支撑。

Lycium barbarum leaf spot(Stigmella lycii X.R.Chen&Yan Wang)was detected in Gansu in 2010 and has expanded to other Gouqi orchards in recent years.This study mainly focused on the biological characteristics of the leaf spot pathogen S.lycii.The results showed that the temperature ranges for hyphal growth,spore production,ascospore and conidia germination were 10-35℃,20-25℃,5-30℃and 0-35℃,respectively,and the optimum temperatures were 25℃,25℃,20℃ and 25℃,respectively.Continuous illumination facilitated hyphal growth,spore production and conidial germination,and the photoperiod L∥D=12 h∥12 h facilitated ascospore germination.The pH ranges for the hypha growth,spore production and spore germination were 4.0-10.0,6.0-7.0 and 4.5-9.2,with the optimum pH values as 6.5,6.5 and 7.0,respectively.The relative humidity for ascospore and conidial germination were above 95% and 75%,respectively.Spores germinated well in water.Leaf extract and glucose liquid could stimulate spore germination.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for further research on S.lycii and also provide a reference for making effective control methods against L.barbarum leaf spot.