2017年-2018年甘肃省小麦条锈菌生理小种变异监测

Monitoring the variation of physiological races of Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici in Gansu province during 2017-2018

2017年-2018年对采自甘肃省不同生态区的572份小麦条锈菌标样进行生理小种鉴定及监测,结果表明:两年共监测出37个生理小种及致病类型。其中贵农22类群居第一位,2017年和2018年出现频率分别为56.88%和50.34%,中四类群出现频率分别为10.15%和13.85%。主要流行小种中,条中34号出现频率分别为33.69%和38.51%,居第一位;条中32号出现频率分别为13.04%和15.20%,居第二位;条中33号出现频率降至5%以下;贵22-14致病类型出现频率在4%~6.6%之间;新菌系ZS-1出现频率呈上升趋势,2017年和2018年出现频率分别为2.90%和7.43%;次要致病类型中,HY4、HY8、水11-3、水11-7、水11-192及贵22-104、贵22-108、ZS-18等出现频率在0.72%~4.71%之间,其他致病类型在0.36%以下。毒性分析发现,VYr 9、VYr3b+Yr4b、VYrSu、VYr26仍为甘肃省主要毒性致病基因。目前甘肃小麦条锈菌仍处于以条中34号为主的贵农22致病类群占优势阶段。开展中四类群监测是今后条锈菌变异研究的重点。抗条锈育种应以抗条中34号、条中32号、ZS-1为主,兼顾贵农22及中四类群中其他类型。

572 samples of wheat stripe rust from different locations of Gansu province at adult stage,over-summer period,autumn-seedling stage and spring stage,were collected for monitoring the variation of physiological races of Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici(Pst)during 2017-2018.The results showed that 37 races of Pst were acquired.The frequencies of pathotype clade Guinong 22 of Pst were 56.88% and 50.34%,and the new pathotype clade Zhong 4 were 10.15% and 13.85%,respectively.The frequencies of the first dominant race CYR34 were 33.69% and 38.51%,followed by CYR32 with the frequency of 13.04% and 15.20%,and the CYR33 decreased to less than 5%.The frequency of G22-14 were 4%-6.6%.The frequencies of new isolate ZS-1 were 2.90% and 7.43%,showing increase tendency.The frequencies of isolates HY4,HY8,Su11-3,Su 11-7,Su 11-192,G22-104,G22-108 and ZS-18 were 0.72% to 4.71%,while those of other races were as lower than 0.36%.The main virulent genes were VYr9,VYr3b+Yr4b,VYrSu and VYr26 in Gansu province during 2017—2018.The physiological race CYR34 and Guinong 22 clade were the leading races in the sampled Pst populations.Monitoring the new pathotype clade Zhong 4 variation will be the key point in further research in Gansu province.The future goals of wheat breeding need to be focus on the resistance to CYR34,CYR32 and ZS-1,and with consideration to other races of Pst such as Guinong clade and Zhong 4 clade.