公共数据资源交易模式及其催生的制度——以“对价—补偿”交易模式为分析视角

On the transaction mode of public data resources and the system it spawned——Analysis based on the perspective of“consideration compensation”

“对价—补偿”交易模式是公共数据资源国家所有视域下的一种交易模式,它兼顾了公共数据资源参与主体的利益分配,能够有效保护数据安全和公民合法权益。数据控制者能够获得合理回报,社会公众也能基于国家调控获得适度补偿。这一模式在我国宪法关于“征收征用并给予补偿”“国家合理安排积累和消费”“多种分配方式并存”的合宪性解释下也能得到明确证成。随着公共数据资源归国家所有,以及“对价—补偿”交易模式的确立,我国应当通过行政许可、数字税以及惩罚性赔偿等措施来保证公共数据资源交易的正常运转。

The“consideration compensation”trading mode is a kind of transaction scheme under the perspective of public data resources state ownership.It takes into account the interest distribution of public data resource participants,and can effectively protect data security and citizens’legitimate rights and interests.The data controller can get reasonable returns,and the public can also get moderate compensation based on the state regulation.The first mock exam has been clearly formulated in the constitution of China,which includes“expropriation and compensation”,“reasonable arrangements for accumulation and consumption of the state”and“multiple distribution modes”.With the public data resources owned by the state and the establishment of the“consideration compensation”transaction mode,China should ensure its normal operation through administrative licensing,digital tax and punitive damages.