哈尔滨市政府公共卫生治理问题及对策研究

Study on the Problems and Countermeasures of Public Health Management of Harbin Municipal Government

公共卫生是关系到一个国家和一个地区公民健康的公共事业,公共卫生体系的改革贯穿于各个国家经济社会发展的历程。近年来,由于人们不正确的生产行为和生活方式,从而引发了许多公共卫生突发事件。重大的公共卫生突发事件会造成国家经济的重大损失,威胁公民的身体健康以及危害社会的和谐稳定发展。因此,公共卫生治理工作成为近年来世界各个国家关注的重要问题,同时也对政府的治理能力提出了新的挑战。党的十九大报告中也明确强调,对社会治理工作要高度重视,提高社会治理社会化、法制化、智能化和专业化水平;加强预防,完善公共卫生治理体系;提高防灾、减灾以及救灾能力、加强社会治安防控体系建设。要从根本上有效治理公共卫生突发事件,就必须落实以政府为中心,并且积极鼓励广大社会群众积极参与的防控模式,最终实现有效治理公共卫生突发事件的目标。因此,通过了解现阶段哈尔滨市公共卫生治理的现状,找出目前哈尔滨市公共卫生治理方面存在的问题,并且查阅大量的文献资料,总结出哈尔滨市政府公共卫生治理的对策建议。

Public health is a public service related to citizens’health in a country and a region,and the reform of public health system runs through the course of economic and social development in various countries.In recent years,people’s incorrect production behaviors and lifestyles have led to many public health emergencies.Major public health emergencies will cause great losses to the national economy,threaten citizens’health and endanger the harmonious and stable development of society.Therefore,the governance of public health has become an important issue concerned by all countries in the world in recent years,and it also poses new challenges to the governance capacity of the government.The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China also clearly emphasized that we should attach great importance to social governance and improve the socialization,legalization,intelligence and specialization of social governance;strengthen prevention and improve the public health governance system;improve the ability of disaster prevention,mitigation and relief,and strengthen the construction of social security prevention and control system.In order to effectively manage public health emergencies fundamentally,it is necessary to implement the government-centered prevention and control mode and actively encourage the broad masses of society to actively participate in it,and finally achieve the goal of effectively managing public health emergencies.By understanding the present situation of public health governance in Harbin,this paper finds out the existing problems in public health governance in Harbin at present,and by consulting a large number of documents,summarizes the countermeasures and suggestions of public health governance in Harbin municipal government.