天人之辨:中国古代哲学基本问题

Differentiation between Man and Nature:Basic Issue of Ancient Chinese Philosophy

基本问题是恩格斯从德国古典哲学概括出来的具体问题,被苏联哲学界作了教条主义解释,并炮制出“两军对战”的哲学史模式。受制于这种模式,中国哲学史事业长期跌入低谷。天人之辨才是中国古代哲学史的基本问题。天人之辨发端于先秦,经学家把重点由人转移到天,玄学家从中演绎出体用之辨,理学家从中演绎出理事之辨。他们以动态的方式将天人之辨贯穿于中国古代哲学史的全过程。

The basic issue is a specific issue that Engels generalizes from the German classical philosophy.The Soviet philosophy circle has dogmatically explained it and concocted the philosophy history pattern of "two armies against each other".Subject to this pattern,the history of Chinese philosophy has been at a low ebb.The differentiation between man and nature is a basic issue in the history of ancient Chinese philosophy.It originated in the pre-Qin period in which Confucian scholars shifted their focus from man to heaven,metaphysicians deduced the differentiation between Ti and Yong,and Neo-Confucianism deduced the differentiation between Li and Shi.They penetrate the differentiation between man and nature through the whole history of ancient Chinese philosophy in a dynamic way.