面向SDGs的OECD成员国可持续发展水平测度及时空演变研究:1995—2017年

Measurement of sustainable development level and spatialtemporal evolution of OECD member countries in the context of SDGs: 1995-2017

可持续发展是当前世界各国共同追求的发展模式《,联合国2030可持续发展议程》再一次明确了可持续发展的目标,OECD成员国作为世界上经济最为发达和HDI指数最高的国家,探究其可持续发展水平的构成具有重要的理论和现实意义。以OECD成员国为研究对象,构建可持续发展评价体系,采用投影寻踪模型、变异系数、基尼系数、Pearson相关等方法,探析OECD成员国可持续发展水平的时空演变特征。结果表明:(1)1995年以来OECD成员国可持续发展水平持续提升,平均综合评价值由2.093增加到2.628,主要源于经济效率和社会发展的提升。(2)空间上呈现出可持续发展水平北欧>西欧、中欧、东亚、北美、大洋洲>西亚、东欧>拉丁美洲的格局,基尼系数由0.089降低为0.065,区域差异不断缩小。(3)随着可持续发展水平提升,在可持续发展水平高值区主导要素逐步由单要素主导转变为多要素共同主导,而在可持续发展水平低值区由生态环境和资源安全主导逐步转为经济效率主导。

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development made clear the goal of sustainable development.The OECD is the country group with the highest HDI in the world.Exploring its composition of sustainable development is of important theoretical and realistic significance.The study takes OECD member countries as the research object, constructs evaluation system of sustainable development, and uses projection pursuit model, coefficient of variation, gini coefficient, Pearson correlation and other methods to explore and analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the level of sustainable development.The results show that :(1)Since1995, the level of sustainable development of OECD member countries has been continuously improved, with the average comprehensive evaluation value increasing from 2.093 to 2.628,mainly due to the improvement of economic efficiency and social development.(2)Space presents the sustainable development level of northern Europe more than Western Europe, central Europe, east Asia, North America, Oceania is greater than the west Asia, eastern Europe is greater than the pattern of Latin America.Gini coefficient is reduced from 0.089 to 0.065, and regional difference is constantly narrowing.(3)With the improvement of sustainable development level,the leading factors in the areas with high sustainable development level gradually change from single factor leading to multi-factor leading, while in the areas with low sustainable development level, from ecological environment and resource security leading to economic efficiency leading.