监察委调查权程序审视

An Examination of the Investigation Power Procedures of Supervisory Commission

监察委调查权是国家为实现高效反腐,通过《监察法》新赋予监察机关的一项重要监察权力。碍于监察权职能全覆盖的实际,理论上平行于行政权、立法权、司法权的监察权,在国家权力结构中实际处于“高位”状态。又因《监察法》对处于监察权核心地位的监察委调查权的权力载体——监察调查措施实施规制不足、对监察委调查权运行正当程序规范阙如等问题,实际上造成监察案件质量存忧、监察权力运行合法性堪忧、权力失范等不良法律后果。因此有必要从立法层面对监察委调查权进行规制:明确被调查人的程序权利保障规则、完善监察委技术调查措施适用程序的立法规则、完善监察委员会刑事调查权行使监督机制、确立以审判为中心的监察委调查权程序立法规则目标,以期有益于监察权的良性运行。

The investigation power of supervisory commission is a supervisory power newly granted to supervisory organs through the Supervision Law with an aim of realizing efficient anti-corruption.Due to the fact that the functions of superviso⁃ry power cover all authorities,the supervisory power,though theoretically parallel to executive power,legislative power and judicial power,has actually high status in national authority.However,the Supervision Law has inadequate regulations on the power carrier of the supervisory commission’s investigation power which is at the core of the supervisory power,namely,the implementation of the supervision and investigation.And there is a lack of proper procedures for the operation of the su⁃pervisory commission’s investigation power.These problems actually cause concerns about some bad legal consequences,such as the quality of supervisory cases,the legality of the supervisory power operation,power abusiveness and so on.There⁃fore,it is of necessity to regulate supervisory commission’s investigation power from the legislative level,that is,to clarify the procedural rights protection rules of the investigated people,to improve the legislative rules for the procedures applied to the supervisory commission’s technical investigation,to improve the supervision mechanism of the supervisory commission’s criminal investigation power,and to establish the trial-centered procedural rules and goals of supervisory commission’s super⁃visory power,in the hope of promoting the proper operation of supervisory power.