文论研究的经验性局限与主体性超越——以若干文论热点研究为例

Experiential Limitation and Transcendence of Subjectivity in the Research on Literary Theories:The Case of Some Hot Topics of Literary Theories

当下文论研究的深层次问题是"经验性局限"问题,而"经验性局限"的根本规定性是经验型文化,经验型文化的枢纽性问题是以"用"为根本取向。因此导致了经验现成性的时空错置、强化经验的理论取向、经验规定性的符合论知识观等问题。经验局限的根本出路在于实现理论层次、实践层次和价值层次的主体性超越。超越的目的不是否定经验,而是要对既有经验保持超越性冲动,以期对经验局限得以自觉和克服。

The current deep-seated problem in the research on literary theories is the problem of "experiential limitation",whose fundamental rule is experiential culture. The pivotal problem of experiential culture is to take"use"as the fundamental orientation,which in turn leads to some problems,such as the spatial-temporal misplacement of experiential realization,the strengthening of the theoretical orientation of experience,and the knowledge-based view of correspondence theory of experiential rule. The fundamental way out of the limitation of experience lies in the transcendence of subjectivity in theory,practice and value. The purpose of transcendence is not to deny experience,but to maintain transcendental impulse to the existing experience so as to consciously overcome the limitations of experience.