东莞市常平镇幼儿园儿童手部卫生干预效果评价

Effect evaluation of hand hygiene intervention on kindergartens children in Changping Town,Dongguan City

目的评价常平镇幼儿园儿童手部卫生干预效果,为幼儿园手卫生健康促进工作提供参考。方法于2019年采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取低、中、高缺勤率幼儿园各1间在园儿童进行两轮干预。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验和c2检验比较第1轮干预前后家长手卫生认知行为、儿童手卫生行为及第2轮干预前后儿童因感染症状缺勤状况,评价干预效果。结果家长问卷基线调查发放338份,干预后回收有效问卷328份。干预前后家长年龄、性别、文化程度比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。因病缺勤基线调查儿童511名,干预后调查儿童544名,干预前后儿童性别、户籍比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。第1次干预后家长手卫生认知行为得分、儿童手卫生行为得分分别由2.18、2.22上升至2.35、2.39(均P<0.01)。第2次干预后高缺勤率幼儿园总缺勤率、3间幼儿园小班、中班年级呼吸道症状缺勤率分别由7.09%、7.58%、3.01%下降至3.01%、4.38%、2.23%(均P<0.01)。结论干预措施能推动儿童建立良好的手卫生习惯,有效改善儿童手卫生状况和减少呼吸道疾病缺勤情况。

Objective To evaluate the effect of hand hygiene intervention on kindergartens children in Changping Town,and to provide reference for hand hygiene promotion in kindergartens.Methods In 2019,stratified random sampling method was adopted to select 1 kindergarten with low,medium and high absenteeism rate,respectively,and two rounds of intervention were carried out for the children in the kindergartens.Wilcoxon rank sum test and Chi-square test were used to compare the parents’hand hygiene cognitive behaviors and children’s hand hygiene behaviors before and after the first round of intervention,and the children’s absence due to infection symptoms before and after the second round of intervention,evaluate intervention effect.Results A total of 338 parents’questionnaires were distributed in the baseline survey,and 328 valid questionnaires were collected after the intervention.There were no significant differences in age,gender and education level of parents before and after the intervention(all P>0.05).There were 511 children in the baseline survey and 544 children after the intervention.There were no significant differences in gender and household registration before and after the intervention(both P>0.05).After the first round of intervention,the scores of parents’hand hygiene cognitive behaviors and children’s hand hygiene behaviors increased from 2.18 and 2.22 to 2.35 and 2.39,respectively(both P<0.01).After the second round of intervention,the total absence rate of kindergartens with high absenteeism rate,the absence rate of respiratory symptoms in 3 kindergartens in small and middle classes decreased from 7.09%,7.58%and 3.01%to 3.01%,4.38%and 2.23%,respectively(all P<0.01).Conclusion Intervention measures can promote children to establish good hand hygiene habits,effectively improve children’s hand hygiene status and reduce absenteeism due to respiratory diseases.