我国政策性农业保险的区域发展差异:测度及解释

Regional development differences of policy⁃oriented agricultural insurance in China:measurement and explanation

近年来,在农业保险保费规模不断增长的同时,各省份农业保险发展不平衡的问题逐渐显现。根据2008—2017年的数据,利用基尼系数和广义熵指数测度了各省份农业保险发展水平的差异变化,发现区域差异呈缩小趋势。在此基础上,阐释了政策性农业保险的保费形成机制,分析了影响农业保险区域发展水平差异的相关因素,并进行了相应的实证检验。结果发现,财政补贴因素对东部和中西部省份的农业保险发展水平都有着非常显著的影响,另外,财险市场发展水平、农业相对地位对中西部省份的农业保险发展水平分别有显著的正向和负向影响。最后提出了建立反映农业保险区域发展水平的指标、优化中央和省级财政责任划分机制、加大对中西部省份的财政支持等建议。

With the increasing scale of agricultural insurance premiums,the unbalanced development of agricultural insurance in various provinces is becoming more and more prominent in recent years.Based on the data in various provinces from 2008 to 2017,this paper measures the difference of agricultural insurance development level in each province by using Gini coefficient and generalized entropy index and found that the regional difference shows a decreasing trend.On this basis,this paper explains the premium formation mechanism of government⁃supported agricultural insurance,analyzes the related factors,and adopts empirical test.The results show that fiscal subsidy has significant effects on the regional development level of agricultural insurance,while the development level of property insurance market and the relative position of agriculture have significant positive and negative ef⁃fects on the development level of agricultural insurance in central and western provinces,respectively.Finally,some policy sug⁃gestions are put forward.