中国不同生态系统土壤硅的研究进展

Research Progress on Soil Silicon in Different Ecosystems in China

硅是土壤和岩石的一种基本成分,具有促进植物的生长、增强植物抗性、参与生物地球化学循环过程、调节全球碳循环和缓解全球气候变暖趋势等方面的作用。本文在全面介绍土壤硅的形态、有效性及生物循环特征基础上,分析了我国不同生态系统中土壤硅及植硅体含量状况,阐明了影响土壤有效硅及植硅体的因素,重点阐述了近年来有关稻田土壤有效硅与水稻生长及森林土壤有效硅与林分植硅体形成关系,以及植硅体的形成机制及其在全球土壤碳汇中的重要作用,并提出需要进一步研究的问题,可为未来我国开展土壤有效硅与植硅体研究提供借鉴。

Silicon is a basic component of soil and rock.It can promote plant growth,enhance plant resistance,participate in biogeochemical cycle,regulate global carbon cycle and mitigate global warming trend.Based on the comprehensive introduction of fractions,availability,and biological cycling characteristics of soil silicon,this paper analyzes the contents of silicon and phytoliths in the soils of different ecosystems in China,and expounds the differences and influencing factors of available silicon and phytolith contents in the soils of different ecosystems in China.The research progress on the relationship between available silicon in paddy soils and rice growth,the relationship between available silicon in forest soils and the formation of phytoliths and in the forests are mainly discussed in this paper.The mechanisms of phytolith formation and its important role in global soil carbon sink are also pointed out.Some issues which are to be further studied proposed in the last section provide a good reference for the development of study on soil available silicon and phytoliths in China in the future.