美国生物监测情报体系建设及启示研究

Research on the Construction and Enlightenment of American Biosurveillance Intelligence System

[目的/意义]"全球化"背景下,生物安全事件频发,给人类社会带来了巨大的挑战。为应对生物威胁,早期的监测预警至关重要。美国在强化生物监测预警,推进生物监测情报体系建设方面,进行了卓有成效的探索,其经验值得我国借鉴。[方法/过程]从美国生物监测情报体系建设的历史演进入手,在梳理政策文本、理论文献的基础之上,透视美国生物监测情报能力得以提升的关键,阐释美国生物监测情报采集、融合、应用的运作逻辑。[结果/结论]以生物安全治理为总体目标,以生物监测情报融合为核心驱动,以强化态势感知为逻辑主线,通过顶层设计、制度规范、技术创新完善生物监测情报体系建设,是美国在该领域取得突出成效的关键,值得我国借鉴。

[Purpose/Significance]Under the background of globalization,biosecurity incidents happen frequently,which bring great challenges to human society.In order to deal with biological threats,early detection and warning is of vital importance.The United States has made fruitful exploration in strengthening the early warning of biosurveillance and promoting the construction of the intelligence system of biosurveillance.These experiences are worthy of reference by China.[Method/Process]The historical evolution of the construction of the U.S.biosurveillance intelligence system has been studied in this paper on the basis of combing policy texts and theoretical literature.The key to the improvement of the U.S.biosurveillance intelligence capability has been analyzed.The operational logic of the collection,fusion and application of the U.S.biosurveillance intelligence has been described in detail.[Result/Conclusion]Taking biosecurity management as the overall goal,biosurveillance intelligence fusion as the core drive,and strengthening situational awareness as the logic line,improving the construction of biosurveillance intelligence system through top-level design,institutional norms and technological innovation are the keys for the United States to achieve outstanding results in this field,which are worth learning from in China.