孙子用间理论再考察

Reexamination of Sun Tzu's Theory of Using Spy

[目的/意义]孙子在《用间篇》中对用间理论进行了系统总结和认真梳理,为古代情报理论做出了杰出贡献,并在历史上形成了深远影响。正确对待孙子的用间理论,总结其中得失,对建设有中国特色情报理论具有重要意义。[方法/过程]重点对《用间篇》的用间理论进行阐发,并结合古代谍战理论的发展以及今人的研究成果等,探讨其影响和贡献。[结果/结论]若依现代情报学理论考察,孙子在《用间篇》不只是探讨了情报搜集之法,同时也对情报观、情报分析和反情报等均有不同程度的论述,因此而能自成体系,并在中国古代情报史上树立一座巍峨的高峰。

[Purpose/Significance]Sun Tzu systematically summarized and carefully combed the theory of spy use in his book Yong Jian Pian,which made outstanding contributions to the ancient intelligence theory and formed a far-reaching influence in history.It is of great significance for the construction of intelligence theory with Chinese characteristics to treat Sun Tzu's theory correctly and sum up its gains and losses.[Method/Process]This paper focuses on the elaboration of the theory of using spy and discusses its influence and contribution in combination with the development of ancient spy warfare theory and the research results of modern people,so as to find out its shortcomings.[Result/Conclusion]Sun Tzu's theory of spy use has set up a towering peak in ancient China,but there are also some defects,such as too simple discussion on failure,rough classification of spies,rare harm between words and usages,etc.