中国物理治疗师胜任特征模型的探索性研究

Competency Model of Physical Therapists in China:An Exploratory Research

目的探索构建中国的物理治疗师胜任特征模型。方法在文献搜集和专家访谈基础上,采用质性分析方法,建立物理治疗师胜任特征要素集。据此编制问卷,调查康复从业人员641例,回收有效问卷521份。探索性因子分析建构胜任特征模型,并行验证性因子分析检验。结果物理治疗师胜任特征要素集包括4个方面,74个要素。胜任特征模型由44个要素构成,包括职业精神与道德品质、评估干预的知识技能、教研宣讲能力、合作与管理能力、学科基础知识5个维度,解释总变异的74.41%,问卷和各维度Cronbachα系数>0.8。验证性因子分析显示,χ^(2)/df=2.340,近似误差均方根=0.060,拟合优度指数=0.746,规范拟合指数=0.811,增量拟合指数=0.850,比较拟合指数=0.850。结论建构的胜任特征模型可为中国物理治疗师成为单独的职业,以及教育、选拔和评估等提供参考。

Objective To construct the competency model of physical therapists in China.Methods A set of physical therapists'competency elements was established based on literature review and expert interviews.A questionnaire was designed based on the set,and 641 rehabilitation practitioners were investigated(521 valid questionnaires returned)with the questionnaire.Exploration factor analysis was used to construct the competency model of physical therapists,and confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirmed.Results The set of physical therapists'competency elements included 74 elements in four dimensions.There were 44 competency elements in the competency model of physical therapists,including five dimensions that were Professionalism and Moral Conduct,Knowledge and Skills of Evaluation and Intervention,Abilities of Educational-Research and Advocate,Abilities of Cooperation and Management,and Basic Knowledge of Discipline,covering 74.41%of the total variance.The Cronbach'sαcoefficient of the whole questionnaire and each dimension was more than 0.8.Model fitness indexes of confirmatory factor analysis were as follow:χ^(2)/df=2.340,Root Mean Square Error of Approximation=0.060,Goodness of Fit Index=0.746,Normed Fit Index=0.811,Incremental Fit Index=0.850,Comparative Fit Index=0.850.Conclusion The competency model can provide a basis for physical therapists to become independent occupation,as well as for the education,selection,evaluation of physical therapists in China.