面向铁路夜间乘客疏散的定制公交线路优化

Optimization of customized bus routes forevacuation of railway passengers arriving at night

针对铁路车站夜间乘客疏散问题提出基于定制公交的解决方案,并对其核心的多线路动态规划问题展开研究.首先,针对乘客目的地较为分散的特性,基于DBSCAN算法对乘客目的地聚类,并结合道路停靠条件及乘客门到门服务的特殊需求动态确定定制公交停靠站点;其次,兼顾公交企业和乘客双方利益,构建以定制公交车辆保有成本、运行成本和乘客时间成本之和最小为目标,以乘客出发与到达时间窗、载客量等为约束的多线路动态规划模型;最后,以北京南站为例进行分析.结果表明:相比于出租车疏散,改进定制公交疏散方案能提高10%~35%的乘客疏散效率;与传统定制公交疏散相比,可在节约28.6%的运营成本的同时提高10%的疏散效率.

To address the evacuation of railway passengers arriving at night,an optimized route planning method for customized bus is proposed,and its core multi-line dynamic planning is analyzed.First,focusing on the characteristic of passengers’scattered destinations,DBSCAN algorithm is adopted to cluster the destinations,and customized bus stops are determined dynamically according to the road parking conditions and special needs of door-to-door service from passengers.Then,considering the interests of both bus enterprises and passengers,a multi-line dynamic planning model is established,in order to minimize the sum of customized bus costs,operation costs and passengers’time costs,and the constraints including passenger departure and arrival time window,carrying capacity and so on.Finally,the case analysis of Beijing South Railway Station is conducted.Results show that the improved customized bus evacuation scheme can improve the evacuation efficiency by 10%-35% compared with the taxi scheme.Compared with the traditional customized bus,evacuation efficiency increases by 10%and operating cost drops by 28.6%.