美系与德系獭兔杂交组合的繁殖性能观测

Observation on main reproductive performance of cross combination of American and German Rex rabbits

以美系(A系)和德系(G系)獭兔为基础育种群体,进行正、反交及其子代杂交。其中选择美系(A系)和德系(G系)獭兔公兔各20只,母兔各200只左右;进行正、反杂交试验,并以其杂种后代美德獭兔(AG系)和德美獭兔(GA系)继续进行杂交试验;并以公兔组建家系,对所有杂交组合的繁殖性能和后代体重生长性能进行系统测定,优化杂交组合,选择优良家系。美系与德系獭兔正反杂交组合的繁殖性能均大于德系獭兔亲本(P<0.01),在亲本中,美系獭兔繁殖性能显著优于德系獭兔(P<0.01);在所有杂交组合中,以德美獭兔♂×美德獭兔♀组合的平均产仔数(8.18只)、初生窝重(436.41 g)、断乳活仔数(7.6只)为最高,杂交优势率亦最高。美系獭兔♂×德系獭兔♀杂交组合家系间的产仔数、断乳活仔数、断乳成活率等繁殖性状总体上差异不显著(P>0.05),部分家系间初生窝重有显著差异。德系獭兔♂×美系獭兔♀杂交组合家系间仅少数家系间初生窝重有显著差异(P<0.05);德美獭兔♂×美德獭兔♀家系间的产仔数、初生窝重、断乳活仔数、断乳成活率等繁殖性状均无显著差异(P>0.05)。以德美獭兔(GA)♂×美德獭兔(AG)♀为最佳杂交组合。

Based on American(A-strain)and German(G-strain)Rex rabbits as the basic breeding populations,crosses and their progeny were carried out.Among them,20 male Rex rabbits of the American(A)and German(G)strains,and about 200 female rabbits were selected respectively;the forward and reverse hybridization experiments were carried out,and the hybrid offspring of the AG and the GA Rex rabbits continue to carry out cross-breeding experiments;and to form families with male rabbits,the reproductive performance and offspring body weight growth performance of all cross-combinations are systematically measured,cross-combinations are optimized,and superior families were selected.The reproductive performance of the American and German Rex rabbit hybrid combination was better than the German Rex parent(P<0.01).Among the parents,the American Rex rabbit reproductive performance is significantly better than the German Rex rabbit(P<0.01);in all cross combinations Among them,the average litter size(8.18),newborn litter weight(436.41 g),and number of live weaned(7.6)of the combination of GA♂×AG♀was the highest,and the hybridization rate was also the highest.The reproductive traits of hybrid combination(A♂×G♀)were not significantly different in overall litter size,number of live weaning,and weaning survival rate(P>0.05);there were significant differences in primary litter weight among some families.Only a few families of the G♂×A♀hybrid combination showed significant differences in litter weight(P<0.05);the litter size,litter weight,and weaning live between the G A♂×AG♀families There were no significant differences in reproductive traits such as number of litters and survival rate from weaning(P>0.05).GA♂×AG♀is the best hybrid combination.