鸟类迁徙与滨海旅游项目关系——以碧海银沙为例

The relationship between bird migration and coastal tourism: A case of Hengda Venice Beach

2018年7月-2019年5月,采用样线法和样点法对启东长江口(北支)自然保护区恒大海上威尼斯碧海银沙海水浴场内鸟类多样性进行了调查,共记录到鸟类9目23科51种,其中鸻形目、雁形目、鹳形目、鸊鷉目等水鸟为鸟类群落的构成主体。不同季节鸟类多样性指数(H)依次为秋季迁徙期>春季迁徙期>夏季繁殖期>越冬期,鸟种由多至少依次为越冬期>秋季迁徙期>春季迁徙期>夏季繁殖期,鸟类数量由多至少依次为越冬期>春季迁徙期>秋季迁徙期>夏季繁殖期。从客流季节集中指数R值来看,碧海银沙旅游区客流量受季节影响变动明显,春、秋、冬三季客流量占比过低。对客流量与鸟类多样性相关指标进行相关性分析,发现二者整体呈负相关,月客流量与鸟类种数相关性较高。本研究探讨了滨海旅游与鸟类迁徙之间的关系,为滨海旅游景区在协调旅游与鸟类迁徙的时空错峰管理提供决策依据。

Bird diversity in Hengda Venice Beach in Qidong Yangtze River Estuary( North Branch) Nature Reserve was surveyed from July 2018 to May 2019 using the line transect and sampling point method. In total,51 bird species from 23 families and 9 orders were recorded.Water birds composed of Charadriiformes,Anseriformes,Ciconiiformes,Podicipediformes were the main components of the bird community. The Shannon Index was the highest in autumn and lowest in winter. Species richness was the highest in winter and lowest in summer. Bird density was the highest in winter and lowest in summer. The tourist flow varied greatly among seasons in terms of seasonal concentration index of passenger flow( R),with the tourist flow being higher in summer than in other seasons. There were negative correlations between the tourist flow and bird diversity indices. The correlation was higher between monthly tourist flow and bird species richness than other parameters. This study found the relationship between coastal tourism and bird migration,providing a decision-making basis for time-space peak shifting management between the coastal tourism scenic spots and bird migration.