客户非财务特征的金融排斥结构对家庭财产差距的影响研究

A Study on the Influence of Financial Exclusion Structure of the Customers’ Non-Financial Characteristics on Household Property Gap

人口结构、教育资源、环境关系等非财务特征形成的金融排斥结构对家庭财产差距的影响不容忽视。本文基于2017年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,运用对应分析法测算出信贷、账户、保险三类非财务特征的排斥结构,利用Shapley值分解法得出他们各自对家庭财产差距的贡献率。实证结果表明:(1)整体上,信贷排斥结构的财产差距贡献率最高,账户其次,保险最低;穷人家庭的三种排斥结构的相对贡献率均高于富人家庭;(2)非财务金融配置机制可避开穷人家庭的财务劣势,比财务配置机制更具包容性和鼓励性,但也避开了富人家庭的财务优势并对银行机构带来一定冲击,于借贷双方均不利;(3)对农村样本进一步研究发现,学历、手机和年龄的账户排斥结构的财富差距贡献较为突出,其次为年龄和性别的信贷排斥,保险排斥整体较低。最后,本文在非财务金融配置体制、非财务信息数据库和专项金融基金等方面提出了相应建议。

The influence of financial exclusion structure formed by non-financial characteristics such as population structure,educational resources and environmental relationship on the family property gap cannot be ignored.Based on the 2017 Chinese Household Financial Survey(CHFS)data,this paper uses the correspondence analysis method to measure the exclusion structures of credit,account and insurance,and uses the Shapley value decomposition method to obtain their contribution rates to the household property gap.The empirical results show that:(1)on the whole,among the exclusion structures,the property gap contribution rate of credit is the highest,followed by account,and the rate of insurance is the lowest.The relative contribution rates of the three exclusion structures of poor families are higher than those of rich families.(2)The financial resource allocation mechanism based on non-financial characteristics can avoid the financial disadvantages of poor families and is more inclusive and encouraging than the mechanism based on financial characteristics.However,it can also avoid the financial advantages of rich families and bring certain impact on banking institutions,which is unfavorable to both sides of the loan.(3)Further research on the rural samples shows that the contribution of wealth gap to the exclusion structure of education,mobile phone and age account is more prominent,followed by the credit exclusion of age and gender,and the overall exclusion of insurance is lower.Finally,this paper puts forward suggestions on the financial resource allocation system based on non-financial characteristics,non-financial information database and special financial funds.