日本科技监管体系及主要做法

Japan's Science and Technology Supervision System and Its Main Practices

日本为加强科技监管、引导行业自律、提高科研诚信水平,建立了政府引导、机构把关、学术团体和科研机构共同参与的多层次科技监管体系。本文梳理了日本科研监管体系的组织架构、规章制度以及各监管主体的职责和作用,并通过典型案例对针对科研不端行为的举报、调查、处理及信息化监管等进行了分析,揭示了日本在防范科研不端领域的主要做法和相关机制建设情况,以期为我国科研诚信体系建设提供参考。

In order to strengthen science and technology supervision,guide industry self-discipline,and improve the level of scientific research integrity,Japan has established a multi-level science and technology supervision system with government guidance,institutional checks,and joint participation of academic groups and scientific research institutions.This paper illustrates the organizational structure,rules and regulations of Japan’s scientific research supervision system,as well as the responsibilities and functions of each regulatory entity.Through typical cases,it analyzes the reporting,investigation,processing and information supervision of scientific research misconduct,and reveals the main practices and supporting construction promotion in the field of scientific research misconduct prevention in Japan,so as to provide reference for improving the construction of scientific research integrity system in China.