51例输血儿童的不规则抗体阳性鉴定结果分析

Analysis of 51 children with blood transfusion positive for irregular antibodies

目的分析51例输血儿童的不规则抗体筛查阳性样本的抗体鉴定结果,探讨输血儿童群体中不规则抗体的分布及临床意义。方法收集2018年7月至2020年6月深圳市儿童医院51例输血儿童的不规则抗体筛查阳性样本并进行抗体鉴定,根据鉴定结果比较分析红细胞各血型系统不规则抗体的产生频率。结果51例样本鉴定出特异性抗体38例,占74.5%;自身抗体及冷抗体13例,占25.5%。在38例特异性抗体(有3例是含两个血型系统的组合抗体)中检测出Rh血型系统28例(抗-D 4例、抗-E 8例、抗-Ec 13例、抗-Ce 2例、抗-c 1例),MNS血型系统10例(抗-M 8例、抗-S 2例),Kidd血型系统3例(抗-Jka 3例),分别占特异性抗体总例数的73.7%,26.3%,7.9%。结论输血儿童群体中不规则抗体的产生以Rh、MNS等血型系统为主。不规则抗体筛查和鉴定在临床输血工作中尤为重要,可避免输入不相容血液,防止发生输血不良反应,提高临床输血的安全性和有效性。

Objective To analyze 51 children with blood transfusion positive for irregular antibodies,and to explore the distribution and clinical significance of irregular antibodies.Methods A total of 51 children with blood transfusion with positive samples of irregular antibodies in Shenzhen Children's Hospital were collected and identified from July 2018 to June 2020.According to the identification results,the production frequency of irregular antibody in each blood group system of red blood cells was compared and analyzed.Results Specific antibodies were identified in 38 of 51 samples,accounting for 74.5%.Autoantibodies and cold antibodies were found in 13 cases,accounting for 25.5%.Among 38 specific antibodies(3 cases were combined antibodies with two blood group systems),28 cases were Rh blood group system(4 cases of anti-D,8 cases of anti-E,13 cases of anti-Ec,2 cases of anti-Ce and 1 case of anti-c),10 cases were MNS blood group system(8 cases of anti-M,2 cases of anti-S)and 3 cases of Kidd blood group system(3 cases of anti-Jka),accounting for 73.7%,26.3%and 7.9%of the total number of specific antibodies,respectively.Conclusion Rh,MNS and other blood group systems are the main production of irregular antibodies in transfusion children.Screening and identification of irregular antibodies is particularly important in clinical blood transfusion,which can avoid incompatible blood transfusion,prevent adverse reactions of blood transfusion and improve the safety and effectiveness of clinical blood transfus ion.