相对贫困视角下的贫困户脱贫质量及其自我发展能力——基于六个国家级贫困县建档立卡数据的定量分析

The Quality of Poverty Elimination and Self-development Ability of Poor Households from the Perspective of Relative Poverty: A Quantitative Analysis Based on the Data of Six State-level Poverty-stricken Counties

中国政府于2020年年底实现消除现行标准下的绝对贫困现象,但是相对贫困问题依然会存在。建档立卡贫困户群体,尽管绝大部分实现了脱贫,其脱贫质量却不尽相同,甚至会有较大的差别。从相对贫困视角出发,以社会中间群体的收入标准为参照,对六个国家级贫困县2018年建档立卡贫困户的官方数据进行分段抽样,并以三个维度、九个具体指标作为建档立卡贫困户脱贫质量的影响因素进行分析,发现脱贫质量与贫困户自我发展能力有很大的关联,家庭未成年人口比例越高、人均文化程度越低以及人均耕地面积越少的建档立卡户脱贫质量相对较低。今后的巩固脱贫成果和相对贫困治理工作应该进一步强化扶贫对象的能力和资产建设。

The Chinese government had already eliminated absolute poverty by the end of 2020 under the current standard,but the quality of poverty elimination differs greatly among the on-file poor households.From the perspective of relative poverty and with reference to the income standards of intermediate social groups,a sectional sampling of the official data of poor households in six state-level poverty-stricken counties in 2018 is conducted and nine specific indicators of the three dimensions of poverty elimination are analyzed as the factors in the quality.The quality of poverty elimination is closely related to the self-development ability of the poor households.The higher the proportion of minors,the lower the education level per capita and the less arable land per capita,the lower the quality of poverty alleviation.Efforts should be made in the future to strengthen the individual and social capacity and asset building of the target group for self-development.