先赋性还是自致性:城市流动人口贫困代际传递——基于中国家庭追踪调查数据(2010—2014)的实证分析

Ascribed or Self-induced: An Empirical Study of Inter-generational Transmission of Poverty among Urban Floating Population—Based on the Data of the Chinese Family Panel Studies (2010—2014)

改革开放以来,随着市场导向的经济改革和城市化进程的快速推进,农村富余人口持续流入大中城市:一方面,他们获得了比农村更高的经济收入;另一方面,由于制度排斥和能力不足等原因,其中一部分人很容易陷入贫困。当前,中国农村脱贫攻坚战取得胜利,进入“查缺补漏,巩固脱贫成效”的后扶贫时期;与此同时,城市流动人口贫困问题日益凸显,亟待提上议事日程。利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,测量城市流动人口贫困代际传递程度及其影响因素发现:城市流动人口代际收入弹性系数为0.2,存在显著的代际传递效应;城市流动人口贫困代际传递既受先赋性因素的影响,更受自致性因素的影响。

Since the reform and opening up,with the rapid development of China s market-oriented economic reforms and urbanization,the rural surplus population has continued to flow into cities for employment and development.On the one hand,they get higher economic income than in the countryside;on the other,some of them are prone to poverty due to institutional exclusion and deficiency of capacity.With the tremendous achievements made in the rural poverty alleviation battle,our country s poverty alleviation work is entering a post-poverty alleviation era,so the problem of urban floating population poverty is getting on the policy agenda.CFPS data are used in this study to measure the degree of and factors in inter-generational transmission of poverty among urban floating population.It is found that the inter-generational income elasticity coefficient of the urban floating population is 0.2 and there is a significant inter-generational transmission.The inter-generational transmission of poverty among the urban floating population is affected not only by the ascribing factors but also by the self-inducing factors.Based on these findings,the“status acquisition model”and the analysis framework in this study is revised and improved.