老年耳鸣患者发生焦虑、抑郁的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors for anxiety and depression in elderly tinnitus patients

目的 本研究通过探讨老年患者耳鸣发病的影响因素,明确耳鸣与焦虑、抑郁水平的相关性,为进一步有效治疗耳鸣提供临床指导.方法 选取2016年1月~2020年6月就诊于耳鼻喉科的耳鸣患者90例,采集患者病史、进行听力学特征检查并指导患者完成焦虑、抑郁自评量表.最后采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析影响老年耳鸣患者焦虑、抑郁的危险因素.结果 90例耳鸣患者中男性46例,女性44例,单纯焦虑者21例(23.3%),单纯抑郁者19例(21.1%),合并焦虑及抑郁者18例(20.00%);对老年耳鸣患者基本情况、听力学特征与焦虑、抑郁进行单因素分析和多因素分析后,结果显示性别和耳鸣响度为老年耳鸣患者焦虑、抑郁的独立危险因素.结论 性别和耳鸣响度作为老年耳鸣患者焦虑、抑郁的危险因素,临床诊疗工作中,医生应全面评估患者情况,以便做出更为合理的诊断和治疗.

0bjective This study explores the influencing factors of tinnitus in elderly patients,and clarifies the correlation between tinnitus and anxiety and depression levels,andprovides clinical guidance for further effective treatment of tinnitus.Methods Ninety patients with tinnitus who attended the department of otolaryngology from January 2016 to June2020 were selected.The investigators collectedthe patient's medical history under unified training and guidance,and guided the patientsto complete the anxiety and depression self-rating scale. Finally,single-factor and multi-factor Logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of anxiety and depression in elderly tinnitus patients. Results There were 90 tinnitus patients,46 males and 44 females. Among the 90 tinnitus patients.21 cases were pure anxiety (23.3%),19 cases were pure depression (21.1%),and 18 cases were combined with anxiety and depression(20.00%);Single-factor analysis and multi-factor analysis of the basic conditions,audiological characteristics and anxiety and depression of elderly tinnitus patients showed that gender and tinnitus loudness areindependent influencing factors for patients'anxiety and depression. Conclusion Genderand tinnitus loudness are risk factors foranxiety and depression in elderly tinnitus patients.In clinical diagnosis and treatment,doctors should comprehensively evaluate the patient's condition in order to make a morer easonable diagnosis and treatment.