区块链在物联网中的应用态势分析

Hotspots and Trend Analysis of Blockchain Applications in Internet of Things

【目的】物联网是物体之间共享资源和交流信息的平台,其上的数据价值不断被挖掘显现,而区块链作为一种新型的数据存储管理模式,在体系去中心化、数据溯源和防篡改等方面拥有良好的效果。近来,不少研究都探索了区块链在物联网中的应用。【方法】利用文献计量工具CiteSpace,采用关键词共现分析等方法分析了关键词包含区块链和物联网的75篇论文,通过对国内外研究热点和前沿的总结,归纳区块链在物联网中的应用态势。【结果】研究者探索了区块链与物联网在传统产业优化、金融科技和保险科技等领域的应用模式;通过区块链技术加强物联网数据隐私和安全;讨论诸如边缘计算、大数据、人工智能和5G通信等新技术带来的机遇和挑战。【结论】区块链与物联网结合已初见成效并展现其应用价值,但其进一步的拓展仍需依托与新技术的融合。

[Objective]Internet of Things is the platform where end systems share resources and exchange information,while the value of data has been continuously revealed.As a neo-database management mode,blockchain plays a satisfactory role in the fields of decentralization,data traceability,and tamper prevention.Recently,a cornucopia of researches has explored the application of blockchain in Internet of Things.[Methods]By using the bibliometrics tool CiteSpace,this paper analyzes 75 papers with keywords including blockchain and Internet of Things through keyword co-occurrence analysis and concludes the situation of blockchain application in Internet of Things by summarizing research hotspots and trend at home and abroad.[Results]The researchers explore the application schema in the scenarios of conventional industry optimization,financial technology,and insurance technology,enhance data privacy and security of Internet of Things through blockchain,and discuss the opportunities and challenges brought by emerging technologies such as edge computing,big data,artificial intelligence and 5G.[Conclusions]Blockchain plus Internet of Things have achieved initial success and demonstrated its worth in applications.However,its further expansion still needs to rely on the integration with novel technologies.