神南矿区煤炭绿色开采的水资源监测研究

Researoh on water resources monitoring of green coal mining in Shenan Ming Anea

陕北毛乌素沙地地质环境脆弱,水资源贫乏,煤炭绿色开发已经成为陕北煤炭基地可持续健康发展的必然选择,而陕北煤炭基地大规模、高强度的煤炭开采对水资源的影响程度一直是煤炭绿色开采的重要考核指标之一。为了研究陕北煤炭基地以水资源监测为核心的绿色开采监测,完善该地区水资源监测网的内容,以神南矿区柠条塔煤矿、红柳林煤矿、张家峁煤矿3座大型现代化矿井为例开展了水资源监测研究,结果表明:神南矿区内的萨拉乌苏组和风化基岩组为中-强富水性含水层,烧变岩组为强富水性含水层,这3个岩组是区内的主要含水层,神南矿区针对区内不同含水层位共布置了60个监测钻孔,其中布置在萨拉乌苏组8个,烧变岩6个,风化基岩37个,直罗组基岩1个,延安组基岩8个。地下水监测数据通过自动监测系统的无线传输系统传输至数据中心,通过中心的监测管理软件实现数据的远程采集、远程实时监测。地表水监测则是在考考乌素沟上游及下游、肯铁令河、小侯家母河沟、塔沟、肯铁令沟、乌兰不拉沟及常家沟水库等地表水体各布置1个地表水监测点。通过以神南矿区60个地下水监测井、8个地表河流及泉监测点构成的水资源监测网为例,实施矿区水资源动态监控,以期为陕北煤炭基地煤炭绿色开采水资源监测提供借鉴。

The geological environment of Maowusu Sandy Land in Northern Shaanxi is fragile and the water resources are poor.Green coal development has become an inevitable choice for sustainable and healthy development of coal base in the Northern Shaanxi.The impact of large-scale and high-intensity coal mining on water resources in the Northern Shaanxi Coal Base has been one of the important assessment indicators of green coal mining.In order to study the green mining monitoring with water resources monitoring as the core in the Northern Shaanxi Coal Base and improve the content of water resources monitoring network in this area,three large-scale modern mines in the Shen⁃nan Mining Area,namely Ningtiaota Mine,Hongliulin Mine and Zhangjiamao Mine were taken,as examples to carry out the research on water resources monitoring network.The results show that the Salawusu formation and weathered bedrock formation in Shennan Mining Are⁃a are medium-strong water rich aquifer,and the Burnt rock formation is strong water rich aquifer.These three rock formations are the main aquifers in the area.A total of 60 monitoring boreholes are arranged for different aquifer levels in Shennan Mining Area,including 8 in Salawusu formation,6 in Burnt rock formation,37 in Weathered bedrock Formation,1 in Zhiluo Formation and 8 in Yan’an bedrock for mation.The groundwater monitoring data is transmitted to the data center through the wireless transmission system of the automatic monito⁃ring system,and the remote collection and remote real-time monitoring of the data are realized through the monitoring management soft⁃ware of the center.For surface water monitoring,one surface water monitoring point is set up in the upper and lower reaches of Kaokaowusu river,Kentieling river,Xiaohoujiamu river,Tagou,Kentieling river,Wulanbula river and Changjiagou reservoir.Taking the water resources monitoring network composed of 60 groundwater monitoring wells,8 surface rivers and springs monitoring points in Shen⁃nan Mining Area as an example,the dynamic monitoring of water resources in the mining area is implemented,so as to provide reference for the monitoring of water resources in green coal mining of the Coal Base Northern Shaanxi.