中国科学院西部地区科技工作者的文化类型数据集

A dataset of cultural types of scientific and technological workers in an Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences in the Western China

当代自然科学研究工作中,更好体现文化因素作用的需求日益显著。在人类与自然关系研究中,当地居民的生活方式、文化服务,以及他们所掌握的文化知识都是构建生态系统综合服务体系和环境治理的关键。Mary Douglas的文化理论为人类的文化偏好判定提供了有效的视角,使得地理学者、生物多样性专家、人类社会学家及管理决策者等在文化问题上的合作越来越普及。根据该理论,本调查构建了包含自然感知、社会认知、人际关系处理以及自我反思等4个方面共40个选题的判定问卷,围绕个人主义、等级主义、平等主义及宿命论等4个文化类型于2019年5月和10月,面向中国科学院西部地区科技工作者开展两步调查工作。第一步预测试邀请10位不同岗位的科技工作者参与答题与自评,并邀请了9位掌握或已学习文化理论且认识所有预测试被试者3年及以上的评定专家参与问卷验证。验证结果表明,问卷有高度一致性、可靠性和内容效度,其中被试自评的一致率为0.9,标度一致性的Kappa系数为0.861。第二步网络调查面向中国科学院西部地区某单位,共收集了181条数据,其中有效数据160条。数据质量评估的一致率为0.762,Kappa系数为0.623,表明具有高度的一致性。调查结果显示,中国科学院西部地区的科技工作者中,等级主义和平等主义分别占47%和45%,个人主义者占6%,宿命论者为2%。通过本数据集,还可以分析不同性别、年龄及岗位的科技工作者的文化类型和工作态度。

In modern research on natural science,there is an increasingly prominent demand from different fields to better reflect the role of cultural factors.When it comes to the study on human-nature relations,for example,the lifestyle,cultural services and cultural knowledge of local residents are the key to the construction of integrated ecosystem services and environmental governance.Mary Douglas’s cultural theory provides an effective perspective for the judgment of human cultural preference,promoting more and more cooperation in cultural issues between geographers,biodiversity experts,human sociologists and management decision-makers.According to the theory,we constructed in the survey a judgement questionnaire with 40 topics,including natural perception,social cognition,interpersonal relationship processing and self-reflection.In May and October,2019,we conducted a two-step survey on scientific and technological(S&T)workers in western institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences by focusing on the four cultural types,namely individualism,hierarchy,egalitarianism and fatalism.Firstly,we carried out the pre-test by inviting 10 S&T workers from different posts to answer the questions in a questionnaire and doing self-reflection,and then asking 9 experts who are equipped with cultural theory and have known all the testees for over 3 years to engage in the questionnaire verification.The verification results show that the questionnaire has high consistency,reliability and content validity.The consistency rate of self-evaluation is 0.9,and the Kappa coefficient of scale consistency is 0.861.Secondly,we carried out a network survey in an institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Western China.We collected a total of 181 data,of which 160 were valid data.The survey results show that among these S&T workers,47%are hierarchical and 45%are egalitarian,6%are individualist and 2%are fatalistic.With the help of this dataset,researchers can analyze the cultural types and work attitudes of S&T workers of different genders,ages and posts.